Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders
The treatment of central nervous system disorders, such as depression and anxiety, relies on the oral administration of drugs with antidepressant or anxiolytic action. Given the increased incidence of these diseases and the disadvantages of oral drug administration, studies are being performed with...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Engineering Proceedings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/31/1/72 |
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| author | Margarida Alberto Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos Francisco Veiga Patrícia C. Pires |
| author_facet | Margarida Alberto Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos Francisco Veiga Patrícia C. Pires |
| author_sort | Margarida Alberto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The treatment of central nervous system disorders, such as depression and anxiety, relies on the oral administration of drugs with antidepressant or anxiolytic action. Given the increased incidence of these diseases and the disadvantages of oral drug administration, studies are being performed with the aim of developing new ways of treatment in order to improve the effectiveness of the therapies that are applied. The intranasal pathway has gained interest as a route of administration for drugs to the intended target, the brain, due to its capability of direct transport to the central nervous system. In addition to the route of administration, nanoparticles have been studied as possible alternatives to conventional formulations, with the objective of improving drug bioavailability. The present work aimed to analyze the potential of intranasal nanoparticle administration for the treatment of depression and anxiety, using the analysis of several already performed studies. From the carried-out analysis, it was concluded that nanoparticle development takes into consideration the characteristics of the nasal mucosa to allow for enhanced drug absorption and permeability. The use of nanoparticles allows the protection of the drug from enzymatic degradation, and the modulation of its components provides advantages for intranasal administration. In vitro drug release and ex vivo drug permeation studies were conducted, demonstrating, in the majority of cases, an advantage in the use of these formulations. In vivo studies on rats or mice were also carried out, allowing the efficacy of the treatment with the developed formulations to be verified, with results proving very promising. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:31:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2e8a635ca4342928351990c2415a102 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:31:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2e8a635ca4342928351990c2415a1022023-11-18T10:16:31ZengMDPI AGEngineering Proceedings2673-45912022-12-013117210.3390/ASEC2022-13853Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety DisordersMargarida Alberto0Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos1Francisco Veiga2Patrícia C. Pires3Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUC-UC), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalFaculty of Pharmacy (FFUC-UC), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalFaculty of Pharmacy (FFUC-UC), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalFaculty of Pharmacy (FFUC-UC), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalThe treatment of central nervous system disorders, such as depression and anxiety, relies on the oral administration of drugs with antidepressant or anxiolytic action. Given the increased incidence of these diseases and the disadvantages of oral drug administration, studies are being performed with the aim of developing new ways of treatment in order to improve the effectiveness of the therapies that are applied. The intranasal pathway has gained interest as a route of administration for drugs to the intended target, the brain, due to its capability of direct transport to the central nervous system. In addition to the route of administration, nanoparticles have been studied as possible alternatives to conventional formulations, with the objective of improving drug bioavailability. The present work aimed to analyze the potential of intranasal nanoparticle administration for the treatment of depression and anxiety, using the analysis of several already performed studies. From the carried-out analysis, it was concluded that nanoparticle development takes into consideration the characteristics of the nasal mucosa to allow for enhanced drug absorption and permeability. The use of nanoparticles allows the protection of the drug from enzymatic degradation, and the modulation of its components provides advantages for intranasal administration. In vitro drug release and ex vivo drug permeation studies were conducted, demonstrating, in the majority of cases, an advantage in the use of these formulations. In vivo studies on rats or mice were also carried out, allowing the efficacy of the treatment with the developed formulations to be verified, with results proving very promising.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/31/1/72anxietydepressionintranasallipid nanoparticlesnose-to-brainpolymeric nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Margarida Alberto Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos Francisco Veiga Patrícia C. Pires Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders Engineering Proceedings anxiety depression intranasal lipid nanoparticles nose-to-brain polymeric nanoparticles |
| title | Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders |
| title_full | Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders |
| title_short | Intranasal Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders |
| title_sort | intranasal nanoparticles for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders |
| topic | anxiety depression intranasal lipid nanoparticles nose-to-brain polymeric nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/31/1/72 |
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