Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants

The SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain has caused pronounced superspreading events, reflecting a disease characterized by overdispersion, where about 10% of infected people cause 80% of infections. New variants of the disease have different person-to-person variability in viral load, suggesting for example...

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Main Authors: Bjarke Frost Nielsen, Andreas Eilersen, Lone Simonsen, Kim Sneppen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-09-01
Series:Epidemics
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175543652200055X
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author Bjarke Frost Nielsen
Andreas Eilersen
Lone Simonsen
Kim Sneppen
author_facet Bjarke Frost Nielsen
Andreas Eilersen
Lone Simonsen
Kim Sneppen
author_sort Bjarke Frost Nielsen
collection DOAJ
description The SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain has caused pronounced superspreading events, reflecting a disease characterized by overdispersion, where about 10% of infected people cause 80% of infections. New variants of the disease have different person-to-person variability in viral load, suggesting for example that the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant is more infectious but relatively less prone to superspreading. Meanwhile, non-pharmaceutical mitigation of the pandemic has focused on limiting social contacts (lockdowns, regulations on gatherings) and decreasing transmission risk through mask wearing and social distancing. Using a mathematical model, we show that the competitive advantage of disease variants may heavily depend on the restrictions imposed. In particular, we find that lockdowns exert an evolutionary pressure which favours variants with lower levels of overdispersion. Our results suggest that overdispersion is an evolutionarily unstable trait, with a tendency for more homogeneously spreading variants to eventually dominate.
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spelling doaj.art-f2f2866edd404903ace3895c8ed186aa2022-12-22T04:03:21ZengElsevierEpidemics1755-43652022-09-0140100613Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variantsBjarke Frost Nielsen0Andreas Eilersen1Lone Simonsen2Kim Sneppen3Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000 Roskilde, DenmarkNiels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000 Roskilde, DenmarkNiels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Corresponding author.The SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain has caused pronounced superspreading events, reflecting a disease characterized by overdispersion, where about 10% of infected people cause 80% of infections. New variants of the disease have different person-to-person variability in viral load, suggesting for example that the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant is more infectious but relatively less prone to superspreading. Meanwhile, non-pharmaceutical mitigation of the pandemic has focused on limiting social contacts (lockdowns, regulations on gatherings) and decreasing transmission risk through mask wearing and social distancing. Using a mathematical model, we show that the competitive advantage of disease variants may heavily depend on the restrictions imposed. In particular, we find that lockdowns exert an evolutionary pressure which favours variants with lower levels of overdispersion. Our results suggest that overdispersion is an evolutionarily unstable trait, with a tendency for more homogeneously spreading variants to eventually dominate.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175543652200055XOverdispersionEvolutionSuperspreadingNon-pharmaceutical interventions
spellingShingle Bjarke Frost Nielsen
Andreas Eilersen
Lone Simonsen
Kim Sneppen
Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Epidemics
Overdispersion
Evolution
Superspreading
Non-pharmaceutical interventions
title Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants
title_full Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants
title_fullStr Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants
title_full_unstemmed Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants
title_short Lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of SARS-CoV-2 variants
title_sort lockdowns exert selection pressure on overdispersion of sars cov 2 variants
topic Overdispersion
Evolution
Superspreading
Non-pharmaceutical interventions
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175543652200055X
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