Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions
The activated carbon based on waste tea (WT-AC) was prepared using sulfuric acid as an activating agent at different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). Suitable characteristics as adsorbent have revealed concentration at 30% of waste tea activated carbon (WT-AC4) yield better adsorption, whereb...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | South African Journal of Chemical Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026918523000082 |
| _version_ | 1811168513397620736 |
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| author | Mohd Affandy Aqilah Mariah Kobun Rovina Joseph Merillyn Vonnie Kana Husna Erna |
| author_facet | Mohd Affandy Aqilah Mariah Kobun Rovina Joseph Merillyn Vonnie Kana Husna Erna |
| author_sort | Mohd Affandy Aqilah Mariah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The activated carbon based on waste tea (WT-AC) was prepared using sulfuric acid as an activating agent at different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). Suitable characteristics as adsorbent have revealed concentration at 30% of waste tea activated carbon (WT-AC4) yield better adsorption, whereby other parameters including bulk density, ash content, volatile matter content, and moisture content obtained are 0.301 g mL−1, 3.40%, 26.76%, and 4.34%, sequentially. Overall, WT-AC samples have shown a well-developed porous structure and are declared an amorphous region. Comparatively, the results of adsorption studies reveal iodine value of WT-AC4 is 593.41 mg g−1 and commercial activated carbon is 738.62 mg g−1, while in 100 mg L−1 of methylene blue, the percentage of removal along with adsorption capacity yield the value of 89.2% (1.78 mg g−1) and 97.6 (1.98 mg g−1), respectively. In 0.5 mg L−1 and 1.0 mg L−1 of cadmium ions, WT-AC4 achieved 100% removal in both concentrations compared to commercially activated carbon with only 88.9%, then dropped to 46.2%. Significantly, the activated carbon from waste tea at a concentration of 30% sulfuric acid could be used as a low-cost adsorbent to remove organic and inorganic pollutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:27:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2f8e7ef706840188c40ce7298a4201a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1026-9185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:27:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South African Journal of Chemical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2f8e7ef706840188c40ce7298a4201a2023-02-09T04:13:44ZengElsevierSouth African Journal of Chemical Engineering1026-91852023-04-0144113122Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ionsMohd Affandy Aqilah Mariah0Kobun Rovina1Joseph Merillyn Vonnie2Kana Husna Erna3Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, MalaysiaCorresponding author.; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, MalaysiaFaculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, MalaysiaFaculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, MalaysiaThe activated carbon based on waste tea (WT-AC) was prepared using sulfuric acid as an activating agent at different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%). Suitable characteristics as adsorbent have revealed concentration at 30% of waste tea activated carbon (WT-AC4) yield better adsorption, whereby other parameters including bulk density, ash content, volatile matter content, and moisture content obtained are 0.301 g mL−1, 3.40%, 26.76%, and 4.34%, sequentially. Overall, WT-AC samples have shown a well-developed porous structure and are declared an amorphous region. Comparatively, the results of adsorption studies reveal iodine value of WT-AC4 is 593.41 mg g−1 and commercial activated carbon is 738.62 mg g−1, while in 100 mg L−1 of methylene blue, the percentage of removal along with adsorption capacity yield the value of 89.2% (1.78 mg g−1) and 97.6 (1.98 mg g−1), respectively. In 0.5 mg L−1 and 1.0 mg L−1 of cadmium ions, WT-AC4 achieved 100% removal in both concentrations compared to commercially activated carbon with only 88.9%, then dropped to 46.2%. Significantly, the activated carbon from waste tea at a concentration of 30% sulfuric acid could be used as a low-cost adsorbent to remove organic and inorganic pollutants.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026918523000082AdsorptionBiomassHeavy metalsDyeChemical activation |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Affandy Aqilah Mariah Kobun Rovina Joseph Merillyn Vonnie Kana Husna Erna Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions South African Journal of Chemical Engineering Adsorption Biomass Heavy metals Dye Chemical activation |
| title | Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions |
| title_full | Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions |
| title_short | Characterization of activated carbon from waste tea (Camellia sinensis) using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions |
| title_sort | characterization of activated carbon from waste tea camellia sinensis using chemical activation for removal of methylene blue and cadmium ions |
| topic | Adsorption Biomass Heavy metals Dye Chemical activation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026918523000082 |
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