| Summary: | The article examines municipal solid waste (MSW), specifically organic or food waste (OW), which constitutes between 42 % and 69 % of MSW globally. These wastes contain a high concentration of organic matter, nutrients and moisture, with an easily acidified pH. Its management is crucial due to its environmental impact, generating greenhouse gas emissions and pollution problems.Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is presented as a biotechnological solution to harness the energy of food waste. This process, without oxygen, decomposes organic matter by means of microorganisms, converting it into biogas, with a yield of 5–7 kWh/m³. This reduces emissions and promotes sustainable practices, which are crucial for the sustainable management and development of the ROA.The methodology used involved a systematic review in English, Portuguese and Spanish, refining the search in several databases. After a thorough selection, 18 articles met the established criteria and were critically evaluated. The meta-analysis showed low heterogeneity (Iˆ2 = 2 %). This article highlights the importance of addressing SWR through AD, highlighting their energy potential and environmental benefits to mitigate the negative impacts of MSW.The analysis of biogas production evidenced the need to standardize approaches for more efficient and sustainable solutions in future research.
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