Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot

To establish successful infections in host plants, pathogenic fungi must sense and respond to an array of stresses, such as oxidative stress. In this study, we systematically analyzed the effects of 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment on reactive oxygen species (ROS) m...

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Main Authors: Miao Zhang, Yandong Zhang, Yongcai Li, Yang Bi, Renyan Mao, Yangyang Yang, Qianqian Jiang, Dov Prusky
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-03-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/621
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author Miao Zhang
Yandong Zhang
Yongcai Li
Yang Bi
Renyan Mao
Yangyang Yang
Qianqian Jiang
Dov Prusky
author_facet Miao Zhang
Yandong Zhang
Yongcai Li
Yang Bi
Renyan Mao
Yangyang Yang
Qianqian Jiang
Dov Prusky
author_sort Miao Zhang
collection DOAJ
description To establish successful infections in host plants, pathogenic fungi must sense and respond to an array of stresses, such as oxidative stress. In this study, we systematically analyzed the effects of 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment on reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. Results showed that 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment lead to increased O<sup>2−</sup> generation rate and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content, and simultaneously, increased the activities and transcript levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX). The activities and gene expression levels of enzymes related with ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH cycle) and thioredoxin systems, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (AXP) and thioredoxin (TrxR), were remarkably enhanced by 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> stress treatment. Additionally, 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment decreased the glutathione (GSH) content, whereas it increased the amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), dehydroascorbate (DHA) and ascorbic acid (AsA). These results revealed that cellular responses are required for oxidative stress tolerance of the necrotrophic fungus <i>A. alternata</i>.
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spelling doaj.art-f3214230f1154ebc87fc7ba4547f6e5d2023-11-30T21:37:04ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-03-0110362110.3390/microorganisms10030621Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black SpotMiao Zhang0Yandong Zhang1Yongcai Li2Yang Bi3Renyan Mao4Yangyang Yang5Qianqian Jiang6Dov Prusky7College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaDepartment of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 50250, IsraelTo establish successful infections in host plants, pathogenic fungi must sense and respond to an array of stresses, such as oxidative stress. In this study, we systematically analyzed the effects of 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment on reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. Results showed that 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment lead to increased O<sup>2−</sup> generation rate and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content, and simultaneously, increased the activities and transcript levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX). The activities and gene expression levels of enzymes related with ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH cycle) and thioredoxin systems, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (AXP) and thioredoxin (TrxR), were remarkably enhanced by 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> stress treatment. Additionally, 30 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment decreased the glutathione (GSH) content, whereas it increased the amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), dehydroascorbate (DHA) and ascorbic acid (AsA). These results revealed that cellular responses are required for oxidative stress tolerance of the necrotrophic fungus <i>A. alternata</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/621<i>Alternaria alternata</i>oxidative stressAsA-GSH cyclethioredoxin systemredox balance
spellingShingle Miao Zhang
Yandong Zhang
Yongcai Li
Yang Bi
Renyan Mao
Yangyang Yang
Qianqian Jiang
Dov Prusky
Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot
Microorganisms
<i>Alternaria alternata</i>
oxidative stress
AsA-GSH cycle
thioredoxin system
redox balance
title Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot
title_full Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot
title_fullStr Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot
title_full_unstemmed Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot
title_short Cellular Responses Required for Oxidative Stress Tolerance of the Necrotrophic Fungus <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, Causal Agent of Pear Black Spot
title_sort cellular responses required for oxidative stress tolerance of the necrotrophic fungus i alternaria alternata i causal agent of pear black spot
topic <i>Alternaria alternata</i>
oxidative stress
AsA-GSH cycle
thioredoxin system
redox balance
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/621
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