Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites
In this work, the PIL (poly ionic liquid)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite was designed with two polymerized ionic liquid concentrations (low and high) and evaluated for pollutant degradation activity for benzene and toluene. The results showed that PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composi...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/1/126 |
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| author | Shayeste Shajari Elaheh Kowsari Naemeh Seifvand Farshad Boorboor Ajdari Amutha Chinnappan Seeram Ramakrishna Gopalan Saianand Mohammad Dashti Najafi Vahid Haddadi-Asl Soheil Abdpour |
| author_facet | Shayeste Shajari Elaheh Kowsari Naemeh Seifvand Farshad Boorboor Ajdari Amutha Chinnappan Seeram Ramakrishna Gopalan Saianand Mohammad Dashti Najafi Vahid Haddadi-Asl Soheil Abdpour |
| author_sort | Shayeste Shajari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, the PIL (poly ionic liquid)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite was designed with two polymerized ionic liquid concentrations (low and high) and evaluated for pollutant degradation activity for benzene and toluene. The results showed that PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite was more active than PIL (high)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composites. The photodegradation rate of benzene and toluene pollutants by PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> and PIL (high)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composites was obtained as 86% and 74%, and 59% and 46%, respectively, under optimized conditions. The bandgap of TiO<sub>2</sub> was markedly lowered (3.2 eV to 2.2 eV) due to the formation of PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite. Besides, graphene oxide (GO) was used to grow the nano-photocatalysts’ specific surface area. The as-synthesized PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub>@GO composite showed higher efficiency for benzene and toluene degradation which corresponds to 91% and 83%, respectively. The resultant novel hybrid photocatalyst (PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO) was prepared and appropriately characterized for their microstructural, morphology, and catalytic properties. Among the studied photocatalysts, the PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub>@m-GO composite exhibits the highest activity in the degradation of benzene (97%) and toluene (97%). The ultimate bandgap of the composite reached 2.1 eV. Our results showed that the as-prepared composites hold an essential role for future considerations over organic pollutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:38:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3241cf782d44b49ace633d20ee92645 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:38:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f3241cf782d44b49ace633d20ee926452023-12-03T13:24:48ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-01-0111112610.3390/catal11010126Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO CompositesShayeste Shajari0Elaheh Kowsari1Naemeh Seifvand2Farshad Boorboor Ajdari3Amutha Chinnappan4Seeram Ramakrishna5Gopalan Saianand6Mohammad Dashti Najafi7Vahid Haddadi-Asl8Soheil Abdpour9Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, IranDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, IranDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, IranDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan 8731753153, IranCenter for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, SingaporeCenter for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, SingaporeGlobal Center for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, AustraliaDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, IranDepartment of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez Avenue, No. 424, Tehran 1591634311, IranDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, IranIn this work, the PIL (poly ionic liquid)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite was designed with two polymerized ionic liquid concentrations (low and high) and evaluated for pollutant degradation activity for benzene and toluene. The results showed that PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite was more active than PIL (high)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composites. The photodegradation rate of benzene and toluene pollutants by PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> and PIL (high)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composites was obtained as 86% and 74%, and 59% and 46%, respectively, under optimized conditions. The bandgap of TiO<sub>2</sub> was markedly lowered (3.2 eV to 2.2 eV) due to the formation of PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite. Besides, graphene oxide (GO) was used to grow the nano-photocatalysts’ specific surface area. The as-synthesized PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub>@GO composite showed higher efficiency for benzene and toluene degradation which corresponds to 91% and 83%, respectively. The resultant novel hybrid photocatalyst (PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO) was prepared and appropriately characterized for their microstructural, morphology, and catalytic properties. Among the studied photocatalysts, the PIL (low)@TiO<sub>2</sub>@m-GO composite exhibits the highest activity in the degradation of benzene (97%) and toluene (97%). The ultimate bandgap of the composite reached 2.1 eV. Our results showed that the as-prepared composites hold an essential role for future considerations over organic pollutants.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/1/126photocatalysispoly ionic liquidstitanium dioxidegraphene oxidegaseous benzene |
| spellingShingle | Shayeste Shajari Elaheh Kowsari Naemeh Seifvand Farshad Boorboor Ajdari Amutha Chinnappan Seeram Ramakrishna Gopalan Saianand Mohammad Dashti Najafi Vahid Haddadi-Asl Soheil Abdpour Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites Catalysts photocatalysis poly ionic liquids titanium dioxide graphene oxide gaseous benzene |
| title | Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites |
| title_full | Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites |
| title_fullStr | Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites |
| title_short | Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO<sub>2</sub>/m-GO Composites |
| title_sort | efficient photocatalytic degradation of gaseous benzene and toluene over novel hybrid pil tio sub 2 sub m go composites |
| topic | photocatalysis poly ionic liquids titanium dioxide graphene oxide gaseous benzene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/1/126 |
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