Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex
Background Motor information in the brain is transmitted from the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to the primary motor cortex (M1), where it is further processed and relayed to the spinal cord to eventually generate muscle movement. However, how information from the PMd affects M1 processing and the fi...
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PeerJ Inc.
2020-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/9253.pdf |
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| author | Hai-Jiang Meng Na Cao Jian Zhang Yan-Ling Pi |
| author_facet | Hai-Jiang Meng Na Cao Jian Zhang Yan-Ling Pi |
| author_sort | Hai-Jiang Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Motor information in the brain is transmitted from the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to the primary motor cortex (M1), where it is further processed and relayed to the spinal cord to eventually generate muscle movement. However, how information from the PMd affects M1 processing and the final output is unclear. Here, we applied intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the PMd to alter cortical excitability not only at the application site but also at the PMd projection site of M1. We aimed to determine how PMd iTBS–altered information changed M1 processing and the corticospinal output. Methods In total, 16 young, healthy participants underwent PMd iTBS with 600 pulses (iTBS600) or sham-iTBS600. Corticospinal excitability, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation before and up to 60 min after stimulation. Results Corticospinal excitability in M1 was significantly greater 15 min after PMd iTBS600 than that after sham-iTBS600 (p = 0.012). Compared with that after sham-iTBS600, at 0 (p = 0.014) and 15 (p = 0.037) min after iTBS600, SICI in M1 was significantly decreased, whereas 15 min after iTBS600, ICF in M1 was significantly increased (p = 0.033). Conclusion Our results suggested that projections from the PMd to M1 facilitated M1 corticospinal output and that this facilitation may be attributable in part to decreased intracortical inhibition and increased intracortical facilitation in M1. Such a facilitatory network may inform future understanding of the allocation of resources to achieve optimal motion output. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:59:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f326486bc088424c8f4ded0ff71bc65e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:59:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-f326486bc088424c8f4ded0ff71bc65e2023-12-03T00:50:44ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-07-018e925310.7717/peerj.9253Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortexHai-Jiang Meng0Na Cao1Jian Zhang2Yan-Ling Pi3School of Sports, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, ChinaSchool of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Punan Hosptial of Pudong New District, Shanghai, ChinaBackground Motor information in the brain is transmitted from the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to the primary motor cortex (M1), where it is further processed and relayed to the spinal cord to eventually generate muscle movement. However, how information from the PMd affects M1 processing and the final output is unclear. Here, we applied intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the PMd to alter cortical excitability not only at the application site but also at the PMd projection site of M1. We aimed to determine how PMd iTBS–altered information changed M1 processing and the corticospinal output. Methods In total, 16 young, healthy participants underwent PMd iTBS with 600 pulses (iTBS600) or sham-iTBS600. Corticospinal excitability, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation before and up to 60 min after stimulation. Results Corticospinal excitability in M1 was significantly greater 15 min after PMd iTBS600 than that after sham-iTBS600 (p = 0.012). Compared with that after sham-iTBS600, at 0 (p = 0.014) and 15 (p = 0.037) min after iTBS600, SICI in M1 was significantly decreased, whereas 15 min after iTBS600, ICF in M1 was significantly increased (p = 0.033). Conclusion Our results suggested that projections from the PMd to M1 facilitated M1 corticospinal output and that this facilitation may be attributable in part to decreased intracortical inhibition and increased intracortical facilitation in M1. Such a facilitatory network may inform future understanding of the allocation of resources to achieve optimal motion output.https://peerj.com/articles/9253.pdfCortical plasticity Transcranial magnetic stimulation Premotor cortex Primary motor cortex Intermittent theta burst stimulation Intracortical circuits |
| spellingShingle | Hai-Jiang Meng Na Cao Jian Zhang Yan-Ling Pi Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex PeerJ Cortical plasticity Transcranial magnetic stimulation Premotor cortex Primary motor cortex Intermittent theta burst stimulation Intracortical circuits |
| title | Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex |
| title_full | Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex |
| title_fullStr | Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex |
| title_short | Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex |
| title_sort | intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex |
| topic | Cortical plasticity Transcranial magnetic stimulation Premotor cortex Primary motor cortex Intermittent theta burst stimulation Intracortical circuits |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/9253.pdf |
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