Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers
<i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. is a widely distributed conifer species in the Republic of Korea with economic and ecologic importance. However, <i>P. densi</i><i>flora</i> is negatively influenced by various factors, such as forest fires, clearing of...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/6/750 |
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| author | Ji-Young Ahn Jei-Wan Lee Kyung-Nak Hong |
| author_facet | Ji-Young Ahn Jei-Wan Lee Kyung-Nak Hong |
| author_sort | Ji-Young Ahn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. is a widely distributed conifer species in the Republic of Korea with economic and ecologic importance. However, <i>P. densi</i><i>flora</i> is negatively influenced by various factors, such as forest fires, clearing of large numbers of trees infected with <i>Pinus</i> disease, and dieback. We aimed to use microsatellite markers to estimate the genetic diversity, differentiation, and structure of <i>P. densiflora</i> populations in the Republic of Korea. A total of 1844 samples from 60 populations were evaluated using 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.652 and 0.673, respectively. The mean genetic differentiation among the populations was 0.013. Moreover, <i>P. densiflora</i> showed high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation compared with conifer species, including <i>Pinus</i> species with similar life histories. Principal coordinates analysis and Bayesian clustering showed that <i>P. densiflora</i> has a weak geographical structure. The <i>P. densiflora</i> population at Mt. Halla, Jeju Island, showed the lowest genetic diversity and significant genetic differentiation compared with other mainland populations due to genetic drift and restricted gene flow. These findings can be useful for designing new conservation, management, and breeding strategies for <i>P. densiflora</i> populations in response to future environmental changes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:40:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f32d4617b79e4bd3aff93d86df93cbba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:40:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-f32d4617b79e4bd3aff93d86df93cbba2023-11-21T23:00:23ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072021-06-0112675010.3390/f12060750Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite MarkersJi-Young Ahn0Jei-Wan Lee1Kyung-Nak Hong2Department of Forest Bio Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, KoreaDepartment of Forest Bio Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, KoreaDepartment of Forest Bio Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Korea<i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. is a widely distributed conifer species in the Republic of Korea with economic and ecologic importance. However, <i>P. densi</i><i>flora</i> is negatively influenced by various factors, such as forest fires, clearing of large numbers of trees infected with <i>Pinus</i> disease, and dieback. We aimed to use microsatellite markers to estimate the genetic diversity, differentiation, and structure of <i>P. densiflora</i> populations in the Republic of Korea. A total of 1844 samples from 60 populations were evaluated using 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.652 and 0.673, respectively. The mean genetic differentiation among the populations was 0.013. Moreover, <i>P. densiflora</i> showed high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation compared with conifer species, including <i>Pinus</i> species with similar life histories. Principal coordinates analysis and Bayesian clustering showed that <i>P. densiflora</i> has a weak geographical structure. The <i>P. densiflora</i> population at Mt. Halla, Jeju Island, showed the lowest genetic diversity and significant genetic differentiation compared with other mainland populations due to genetic drift and restricted gene flow. These findings can be useful for designing new conservation, management, and breeding strategies for <i>P. densiflora</i> populations in response to future environmental changes.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/6/750<i>Pinus densiflora</i>genetic differentiationgenetic diversitygenetic structureconservationpopulation management |
| spellingShingle | Ji-Young Ahn Jei-Wan Lee Kyung-Nak Hong Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers Forests <i>Pinus densiflora</i> genetic differentiation genetic diversity genetic structure conservation population management |
| title | Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers |
| title_full | Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers |
| title_short | Genetic Diversity and Structure of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> Siebold & Zucc. Populations in Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite Markers |
| title_sort | genetic diversity and structure of i pinus densiflora i siebold zucc populations in republic of korea based on microsatellite markers |
| topic | <i>Pinus densiflora</i> genetic differentiation genetic diversity genetic structure conservation population management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/6/750 |
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