3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide
Novel green materials not sourced from animals and with low environmental impact are becoming increasingly appealing for biomedical and cellular agriculture applications. Marine biomaterials are a rich source of structurally diverse compounds with various biological activities. Kappa-carrageenan (κ-...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/9/3/109 |
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| author | Diana M. C. Marques João C. Silva Ana Paula Serro Joaquim M. S. Cabral Paola Sanjuan-Alberte Frederico C. Ferreira |
| author_facet | Diana M. C. Marques João C. Silva Ana Paula Serro Joaquim M. S. Cabral Paola Sanjuan-Alberte Frederico C. Ferreira |
| author_sort | Diana M. C. Marques |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Novel green materials not sourced from animals and with low environmental impact are becoming increasingly appealing for biomedical and cellular agriculture applications. Marine biomaterials are a rich source of structurally diverse compounds with various biological activities. Kappa-carrageenan (κ-c) is a potential candidate for tissue engineering applications due to its gelation properties, mechanical strength, and similar structural composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), possessing several advantages when compared to other algae-based materials typically used in bioprinting such as alginate. For those reasons, this material was selected as the main polysaccharide component of the bioinks developed herein. In this work, pristine κ-carrageenan bioinks were successfully formulated for the first time and used to fabricate 3D scaffolds by bioprinting. Ink formulation and printing parameters were optimized, allowing for the manufacturing of complex 3D structures. Mechanical compression tests and dry weight determination revealed young’s modulus between 24.26 and 99.90 kPa and water contents above 97%. Biocompatibility assays, using a mouse fibroblast cell line, showed high cell viability and attachment. The bioprinted cells were spread throughout the scaffolds with cells exhibiting a typical fibroblast-like morphology similar to controls. The 3D bio-/printed structures remained stable under cell culture conditions for up to 11 days, preserving high cell viability values. Overall, we established a strategy to manufacture 3D bio-/printed scaffolds through the formulation of novel bioinks with potential applications in tissue engineering and cellular agriculture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:50:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f32fcbe311d945c9bf27cb731a4f237e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:50:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-f32fcbe311d945c9bf27cb731a4f237e2023-11-30T20:51:00ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542022-03-019310910.3390/bioengineering90301093D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived PolysaccharideDiana M. C. Marques0João C. Silva1Ana Paula Serro2Joaquim M. S. Cabral3Paola Sanjuan-Alberte4Frederico C. Ferreira5Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalCentre of Structural Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Bioengineering and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalNovel green materials not sourced from animals and with low environmental impact are becoming increasingly appealing for biomedical and cellular agriculture applications. Marine biomaterials are a rich source of structurally diverse compounds with various biological activities. Kappa-carrageenan (κ-c) is a potential candidate for tissue engineering applications due to its gelation properties, mechanical strength, and similar structural composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), possessing several advantages when compared to other algae-based materials typically used in bioprinting such as alginate. For those reasons, this material was selected as the main polysaccharide component of the bioinks developed herein. In this work, pristine κ-carrageenan bioinks were successfully formulated for the first time and used to fabricate 3D scaffolds by bioprinting. Ink formulation and printing parameters were optimized, allowing for the manufacturing of complex 3D structures. Mechanical compression tests and dry weight determination revealed young’s modulus between 24.26 and 99.90 kPa and water contents above 97%. Biocompatibility assays, using a mouse fibroblast cell line, showed high cell viability and attachment. The bioprinted cells were spread throughout the scaffolds with cells exhibiting a typical fibroblast-like morphology similar to controls. The 3D bio-/printed structures remained stable under cell culture conditions for up to 11 days, preserving high cell viability values. Overall, we established a strategy to manufacture 3D bio-/printed scaffolds through the formulation of novel bioinks with potential applications in tissue engineering and cellular agriculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/9/3/109bioprintingmarine biomaterialsnatural bioinksalgae-based hydrogelsκ-carrageenan |
| spellingShingle | Diana M. C. Marques João C. Silva Ana Paula Serro Joaquim M. S. Cabral Paola Sanjuan-Alberte Frederico C. Ferreira 3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide Bioengineering bioprinting marine biomaterials natural bioinks algae-based hydrogels κ-carrageenan |
| title | 3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide |
| title_full | 3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide |
| title_fullStr | 3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide |
| title_full_unstemmed | 3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide |
| title_short | 3D Bioprinting of Novel κ-Carrageenan Bioinks: An Algae-Derived Polysaccharide |
| title_sort | 3d bioprinting of novel κ carrageenan bioinks an algae derived polysaccharide |
| topic | bioprinting marine biomaterials natural bioinks algae-based hydrogels κ-carrageenan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/9/3/109 |
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