Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota
Dietary fibre has long been established as a nutritionally important, health-promoting food ingredient. Modern dietary practices have seen a significant reduction in fibre consumption compared with ancestral habits. This is related to the emergence of low-fibre “Western diets” associated with indust...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1655 |
| _version_ | 1797534207384223744 |
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| author | Peter Cronin Susan A. Joyce Paul W. O’Toole Eibhlís M. O’Connor |
| author_facet | Peter Cronin Susan A. Joyce Paul W. O’Toole Eibhlís M. O’Connor |
| author_sort | Peter Cronin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dietary fibre has long been established as a nutritionally important, health-promoting food ingredient. Modern dietary practices have seen a significant reduction in fibre consumption compared with ancestral habits. This is related to the emergence of low-fibre “Western diets” associated with industrialised nations, and is linked to an increased prevalence of gut diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The characteristic metabolic parameters of these individuals include insulin resistance, high fasting and postprandial glucose, as well as high plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Gut microbial signatures are also altered significantly in these cohorts, suggesting a causative link between diet, microbes and disease. Dietary fibre consumption has been hypothesised to reverse these changes through microbial fermentation and the subsequent production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which improves glucose and lipid parameters in individuals who harbour diseases associated with dysfunctional metabolism. This review article examines how different types of dietary fibre can differentially alter glucose and lipid metabolism through changes in gut microbiota composition and function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:26:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f333ac362aa84a11b5fb2b833f756a8f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:26:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-f333ac362aa84a11b5fb2b833f756a8f2023-11-21T19:37:55ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-05-01135165510.3390/nu13051655Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut MicrobiotaPeter Cronin0Susan A. Joyce1Paul W. O’Toole2Eibhlís M. O’Connor3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, IrelandAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, IrelandAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, IrelandDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, IrelandDietary fibre has long been established as a nutritionally important, health-promoting food ingredient. Modern dietary practices have seen a significant reduction in fibre consumption compared with ancestral habits. This is related to the emergence of low-fibre “Western diets” associated with industrialised nations, and is linked to an increased prevalence of gut diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The characteristic metabolic parameters of these individuals include insulin resistance, high fasting and postprandial glucose, as well as high plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Gut microbial signatures are also altered significantly in these cohorts, suggesting a causative link between diet, microbes and disease. Dietary fibre consumption has been hypothesised to reverse these changes through microbial fermentation and the subsequent production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which improves glucose and lipid parameters in individuals who harbour diseases associated with dysfunctional metabolism. This review article examines how different types of dietary fibre can differentially alter glucose and lipid metabolism through changes in gut microbiota composition and function.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1655dietary fibremetabolic healthmicrobiotaobesitytype II diabetes mellitusmetabolic syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Peter Cronin Susan A. Joyce Paul W. O’Toole Eibhlís M. O’Connor Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota Nutrients dietary fibre metabolic health microbiota obesity type II diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome |
| title | Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota |
| title_full | Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota |
| title_short | Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota |
| title_sort | dietary fibre modulates the gut microbiota |
| topic | dietary fibre metabolic health microbiota obesity type II diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1655 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT petercronin dietaryfibremodulatesthegutmicrobiota AT susanajoyce dietaryfibremodulatesthegutmicrobiota AT paulwotoole dietaryfibremodulatesthegutmicrobiota AT eibhlismoconnor dietaryfibremodulatesthegutmicrobiota |