Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i>
The aim of this study was to develop a set of experiments to screen and decipher the mechanisms of biocontrol agents (BCAs), isolated from commercial formulation, against two major mycotoxigenic fungi in cereals, <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/6/446 |
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| author | Lucile Pellan Cheikh Ahmeth Tidiane Dieye Noël Durand Angélique Fontana Caroline Strub Sabine Schorr-Galindo |
| author_facet | Lucile Pellan Cheikh Ahmeth Tidiane Dieye Noël Durand Angélique Fontana Caroline Strub Sabine Schorr-Galindo |
| author_sort | Lucile Pellan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to develop a set of experiments to screen and decipher the mechanisms of biocontrol agents (BCAs), isolated from commercial formulation, against two major mycotoxigenic fungi in cereals, <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i>. These two phytopathogens produce mycotoxins harmful to human and animal health and are responsible for the massive use of pesticides, for the protection of cereals. It is therefore essential to better understand the mechanisms of action of alternative control strategies such as the use of BCAs in order to optimize their applications. The early and late stages of interaction between BCAs and pathogens were investigated from germination of spores to the effects on perithecia (survival form of pathogen). The analysis of antagonist activities of BCAs revealed different strategies of biocontrol where chronological, process combination and specialization aspects of interactions are discussed. <i>Streptomyces griseoviridis</i> main strategy is based on antibiosis with the secretion of several compounds with anti-fungal and anti-germination activity, but also a mixture of hydrolytic enzymes to attack pathogens, which compensates for an important deficit in terms of spatial colonization capacity. It has good abilities in terms of nutritional competition. <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> is capable of activating a very wide range of defenses and attacks combining the synthesis of various antifungal compounds (metabolite, enzymes, VOCs), with different targets (spores, mycelium, mycotoxins), and direct action by mycoparasitism and mycophagy. Concerning <i>Pythium oligandrum</i>, its efficiency is mainly due to its strong capacity to colonize the environment, with a direct action via microbial predation, stimulation of its reproduction at the contact of pathogens and the reduction of perithecia formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:45:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3383759f8fb4b3e8bd05281268a5775 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:45:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-f3383759f8fb4b3e8bd05281268a57752023-11-21T22:41:07ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-06-017644610.3390/jof7060446Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i>Lucile Pellan0Cheikh Ahmeth Tidiane Dieye1Noël Durand2Angélique Fontana3Caroline Strub4Sabine Schorr-Galindo5Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34095 Montpellier, FranceQualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34095 Montpellier, FranceQualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34095 Montpellier, FranceQualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34095 Montpellier, FranceQualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34095 Montpellier, FranceQualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34095 Montpellier, FranceThe aim of this study was to develop a set of experiments to screen and decipher the mechanisms of biocontrol agents (BCAs), isolated from commercial formulation, against two major mycotoxigenic fungi in cereals, <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i>. These two phytopathogens produce mycotoxins harmful to human and animal health and are responsible for the massive use of pesticides, for the protection of cereals. It is therefore essential to better understand the mechanisms of action of alternative control strategies such as the use of BCAs in order to optimize their applications. The early and late stages of interaction between BCAs and pathogens were investigated from germination of spores to the effects on perithecia (survival form of pathogen). The analysis of antagonist activities of BCAs revealed different strategies of biocontrol where chronological, process combination and specialization aspects of interactions are discussed. <i>Streptomyces griseoviridis</i> main strategy is based on antibiosis with the secretion of several compounds with anti-fungal and anti-germination activity, but also a mixture of hydrolytic enzymes to attack pathogens, which compensates for an important deficit in terms of spatial colonization capacity. It has good abilities in terms of nutritional competition. <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> is capable of activating a very wide range of defenses and attacks combining the synthesis of various antifungal compounds (metabolite, enzymes, VOCs), with different targets (spores, mycelium, mycotoxins), and direct action by mycoparasitism and mycophagy. Concerning <i>Pythium oligandrum</i>, its efficiency is mainly due to its strong capacity to colonize the environment, with a direct action via microbial predation, stimulation of its reproduction at the contact of pathogens and the reduction of perithecia formation.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/6/446mycotoxinsmicrobial interaction<i>Trichoderma</i><i>Streptomyces</i><i>Pythium</i> |
| spellingShingle | Lucile Pellan Cheikh Ahmeth Tidiane Dieye Noël Durand Angélique Fontana Caroline Strub Sabine Schorr-Galindo Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i> Journal of Fungi mycotoxins microbial interaction <i>Trichoderma</i> <i>Streptomyces</i> <i>Pythium</i> |
| title | Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i> |
| title_full | Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i> |
| title_fullStr | Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i> |
| title_short | Biocontrol Agents: Toolbox for the Screening of Weapons against Mycotoxigenic <i>Fusarium</i> |
| title_sort | biocontrol agents toolbox for the screening of weapons against mycotoxigenic i fusarium i |
| topic | mycotoxins microbial interaction <i>Trichoderma</i> <i>Streptomyces</i> <i>Pythium</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/6/446 |
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