Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications

Nanoparticles are materials whose size is less than 100 nm. Because of their distinctive physical and chemical characteristics, nanoparticles have drawn considerable interest in a variety of fields. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a green and environmentally friendly technology, which requires fewe...

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Main Authors: Arpita Roy, Srijal Kunwar, Utsav Bhusal, Saad Alghamdi, Mazen Almehmadi, Hayaa M. Alhuthali, Mamdouh Allahyani, Md. Jamal Hossain, Md. Abir Hasan, Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker, Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-02-01
Series:Catalysts
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/2/321
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author Arpita Roy
Srijal Kunwar
Utsav Bhusal
Saad Alghamdi
Mazen Almehmadi
Hayaa M. Alhuthali
Mamdouh Allahyani
Md. Jamal Hossain
Md. Abir Hasan
Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
author_facet Arpita Roy
Srijal Kunwar
Utsav Bhusal
Saad Alghamdi
Mazen Almehmadi
Hayaa M. Alhuthali
Mamdouh Allahyani
Md. Jamal Hossain
Md. Abir Hasan
Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
author_sort Arpita Roy
collection DOAJ
description Nanoparticles are materials whose size is less than 100 nm. Because of their distinctive physical and chemical characteristics, nanoparticles have drawn considerable interest in a variety of fields. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a green and environmentally friendly technology, which requires fewer chemical reagents, precursors, and catalysts. There are various types of nanomaterials, out of which trimetallic nanoparticles are receiving considerable interest in recent years. Trimetallic nanoparticles possess unique catalytic, biomedical, antimicrobial, active food packaging, and sensing applications as compared to monometallic or bimetallic nanoparticles. Trimetallic nanoparticles are currently synthesized by various methods such as chemical reduction, microwave-assisted, thermal, precipitation, and so on. However, most of these chemical and physical methods are expensive and toxic to the environment. Biological synthesis is one of the promising methods, which includes the use of bacteria, plants, fungi, algae, waste biomass, etc., as reducing agents. Secondary metabolites present in the biological agents act as capping and reducing agents. Green trimetallic nanoparticles can be used for different applications such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, catalytic activity, etc. This review provides an overview of the synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles using biological agents, and their applications in different areas such as anticancer, antimicrobial activity, drug delivery, catalytic activity, etc. Finally, current challenges, future prospects, and conclusions are highlighted.
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spelling doaj.art-f348fc3e30a847b49e9f5dee2fd62a402023-11-16T19:41:29ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-02-0113232110.3390/catal13020321Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their ApplicationsArpita Roy0Srijal Kunwar1Utsav Bhusal2Saad Alghamdi3Mazen Almehmadi4Hayaa M. Alhuthali5Mamdouh Allahyani6Md. Jamal Hossain7Md. Abir Hasan8Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker9Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina10Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, IndiaLaboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaNanoparticles are materials whose size is less than 100 nm. Because of their distinctive physical and chemical characteristics, nanoparticles have drawn considerable interest in a variety of fields. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is a green and environmentally friendly technology, which requires fewer chemical reagents, precursors, and catalysts. There are various types of nanomaterials, out of which trimetallic nanoparticles are receiving considerable interest in recent years. Trimetallic nanoparticles possess unique catalytic, biomedical, antimicrobial, active food packaging, and sensing applications as compared to monometallic or bimetallic nanoparticles. Trimetallic nanoparticles are currently synthesized by various methods such as chemical reduction, microwave-assisted, thermal, precipitation, and so on. However, most of these chemical and physical methods are expensive and toxic to the environment. Biological synthesis is one of the promising methods, which includes the use of bacteria, plants, fungi, algae, waste biomass, etc., as reducing agents. Secondary metabolites present in the biological agents act as capping and reducing agents. Green trimetallic nanoparticles can be used for different applications such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, catalytic activity, etc. This review provides an overview of the synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles using biological agents, and their applications in different areas such as anticancer, antimicrobial activity, drug delivery, catalytic activity, etc. Finally, current challenges, future prospects, and conclusions are highlighted.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/2/321trimetallic nanoparticlesgreen synthesisantibacterialcatalytic activity
spellingShingle Arpita Roy
Srijal Kunwar
Utsav Bhusal
Saad Alghamdi
Mazen Almehmadi
Hayaa M. Alhuthali
Mamdouh Allahyani
Md. Jamal Hossain
Md. Abir Hasan
Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications
Catalysts
trimetallic nanoparticles
green synthesis
antibacterial
catalytic activity
title Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications
title_full Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications
title_fullStr Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications
title_full_unstemmed Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications
title_short Bio-Fabrication of Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications
title_sort bio fabrication of trimetallic nanoparticles and their applications
topic trimetallic nanoparticles
green synthesis
antibacterial
catalytic activity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/2/321
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