Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination
A meta-analysis was carried out on published literature covering the topic of interactive plant microbiology for botanical species of legumes occurring within the boundary of the Italian island Sardinia, lying between the Tyrrhenian and the western Mediterranean seas. Reports were screened for the d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1521 |
| _version_ | 1797492064220348416 |
|---|---|
| author | Rosella Muresu Andrea Porceddu Giuseppe Concheri Piergiorgio Stevanato Andrea Squartini |
| author_facet | Rosella Muresu Andrea Porceddu Giuseppe Concheri Piergiorgio Stevanato Andrea Squartini |
| author_sort | Rosella Muresu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A meta-analysis was carried out on published literature covering the topic of interactive plant microbiology for botanical species of legumes occurring within the boundary of the Italian island Sardinia, lying between the Tyrrhenian and the western Mediterranean seas. Reports were screened for the description of three types of bacterial occurrences; namely, (a) the nitrogen-fixing symbionts dwelling in root nodules; (b) other bacteria co-hosted in nodules but having the ancillary nature of endophytes; (c) other endophytes isolated from different non-nodular portions of the legume plants. For 105 plant species or subspecies, over a total of 290 valid taxonomical descriptions of bacteria belonging to either one or more of these three categories were found, yielding 85 taxa of symbionts, 142 taxa of endophytes in nodules, and 33 in other plant parts. The most frequent cases were within the <i>Medicago</i>, <i>Trifolium</i>, <i>Lotus</i>, <i>Phaseolus,</i> and <i>Vicia</i> genera, the majority of symbionts belonged to the <i>Rhizobium</i>, <i>Mesorhizobium</i>, <i>Bradyrhizobium,</i> and <i>Sinorhizobium</i> taxa. Both nodular and extra-nodular endophytes were highly represented by Gammaproteobacteria (<i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i>, <i>Pantoea</i>) and Firmicutes (<i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Paenibacillus</i>), along with a surprisingly high diversity of the Actinobacteria genus <i>Micromonospora</i>. The most plant-promiscuous bacteria were <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> as symbiont and <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> as endophyte. In addition to the microbial analyses we introduce a practical user-friendly software tool for plant taxonomy determination working in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet that we have purposely elaborated for the classification of legume species of Sardinia. Its principle is based on subtractive keys that progressively filter off the plants that do not comply with the observed features, eventually leaving only the name of the specimen under examination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f34a4c1dac47442eb4062ea2fc0e9e27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f34a4c1dac47442eb4062ea2fc0e9e272023-11-23T14:40:00ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-06-011111152110.3390/plants11111521Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species DeterminationRosella Muresu0Andrea Porceddu1Giuseppe Concheri2Piergiorgio Stevanato3Andrea Squartini4Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment-National Research Council (ISPAAM CNR), Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, SS, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 1, 07100 Sassari, SS, ItalyDepartment of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, ItalyDepartment of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, ItalyDepartment of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, ItalyA meta-analysis was carried out on published literature covering the topic of interactive plant microbiology for botanical species of legumes occurring within the boundary of the Italian island Sardinia, lying between the Tyrrhenian and the western Mediterranean seas. Reports were screened for the description of three types of bacterial occurrences; namely, (a) the nitrogen-fixing symbionts dwelling in root nodules; (b) other bacteria co-hosted in nodules but having the ancillary nature of endophytes; (c) other endophytes isolated from different non-nodular portions of the legume plants. For 105 plant species or subspecies, over a total of 290 valid taxonomical descriptions of bacteria belonging to either one or more of these three categories were found, yielding 85 taxa of symbionts, 142 taxa of endophytes in nodules, and 33 in other plant parts. The most frequent cases were within the <i>Medicago</i>, <i>Trifolium</i>, <i>Lotus</i>, <i>Phaseolus,</i> and <i>Vicia</i> genera, the majority of symbionts belonged to the <i>Rhizobium</i>, <i>Mesorhizobium</i>, <i>Bradyrhizobium,</i> and <i>Sinorhizobium</i> taxa. Both nodular and extra-nodular endophytes were highly represented by Gammaproteobacteria (<i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i>, <i>Pantoea</i>) and Firmicutes (<i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Paenibacillus</i>), along with a surprisingly high diversity of the Actinobacteria genus <i>Micromonospora</i>. The most plant-promiscuous bacteria were <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> as symbiont and <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> as endophyte. In addition to the microbial analyses we introduce a practical user-friendly software tool for plant taxonomy determination working in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet that we have purposely elaborated for the classification of legume species of Sardinia. Its principle is based on subtractive keys that progressively filter off the plants that do not comply with the observed features, eventually leaving only the name of the specimen under examination.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1521Sardinialegumessymbiontsnitrogen fixationendophytes |
| spellingShingle | Rosella Muresu Andrea Porceddu Giuseppe Concheri Piergiorgio Stevanato Andrea Squartini Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination Plants Sardinia legumes symbionts nitrogen fixation endophytes |
| title | Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination |
| title_full | Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination |
| title_fullStr | Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination |
| title_short | Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination |
| title_sort | legumes of the sardinia island knowledge on symbiotic and endophytic bacteria and interactive software tool for plant species determination |
| topic | Sardinia legumes symbionts nitrogen fixation endophytes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1521 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rosellamuresu legumesofthesardiniaislandknowledgeonsymbioticandendophyticbacteriaandinteractivesoftwaretoolforplantspeciesdetermination AT andreaporceddu legumesofthesardiniaislandknowledgeonsymbioticandendophyticbacteriaandinteractivesoftwaretoolforplantspeciesdetermination AT giuseppeconcheri legumesofthesardiniaislandknowledgeonsymbioticandendophyticbacteriaandinteractivesoftwaretoolforplantspeciesdetermination AT piergiorgiostevanato legumesofthesardiniaislandknowledgeonsymbioticandendophyticbacteriaandinteractivesoftwaretoolforplantspeciesdetermination AT andreasquartini legumesofthesardiniaislandknowledgeonsymbioticandendophyticbacteriaandinteractivesoftwaretoolforplantspeciesdetermination |