Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort
Dopamine receptor and dopamine transporter genes polymorphisms have been associated with cigarette smoking behaviour in different populations. The aim of this case–control study was to evaluate polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (<i>SLC6A3</i> (rs27072)) and the dopamine rece...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/12/1633 |
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| author | Abu Bakar Ruzilawati Md Asiful Islam Siti Khariem Sophia Muhamed Imran Ahmad |
| author_facet | Abu Bakar Ruzilawati Md Asiful Islam Siti Khariem Sophia Muhamed Imran Ahmad |
| author_sort | Abu Bakar Ruzilawati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dopamine receptor and dopamine transporter genes polymorphisms have been associated with cigarette smoking behaviour in different populations. The aim of this case–control study was to evaluate polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (<i>SLC6A3</i> (rs27072)) and the dopamine receptor genes (<i>DRD1</i> (rs686), <i>DRD2</i> (rs1800497) and <i>DRD3</i> (rs7653787)) and their contribution to smoking behaviour in a Malay male population. We identified 476 participants over the age of 18 years comprising 238 smokers and 238 non-smokers. Information such as age, height, weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, marital status, and smoking status of close family members were taken. For the genetic study, we genotyped four genes (<i>SLC6A3</i> (rs27072), <i>DRD1</i> (rs686), <i>DRD2</i> (rs1800497) and <i>DRD3</i> (rs7653787)) using the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method and further confirmed our findings with sequencing. Dopamine receptor genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) were found to be associated with smoking behaviour in a Malay male population. The dopamine transporter gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) did not show this association. Significant differences were observed between smokers’ and non-smokers’ age, systolic blood pressure, marital status and family members who smoke. Smoking behaviour is significantly influenced by genetic variations of <i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i> in a Malay male population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:21:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f364aec2767f44a698827ae675f65cfa |
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| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:21:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f364aec2767f44a698827ae675f65cfa2023-11-20T23:23:25ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-12-011012163310.3390/biom10121633Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male CohortAbu Bakar Ruzilawati0Md Asiful Islam1Siti Khariem Sophia Muhamed2Imran Ahmad3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaDepartment of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaDopamine receptor and dopamine transporter genes polymorphisms have been associated with cigarette smoking behaviour in different populations. The aim of this case–control study was to evaluate polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (<i>SLC6A3</i> (rs27072)) and the dopamine receptor genes (<i>DRD1</i> (rs686), <i>DRD2</i> (rs1800497) and <i>DRD3</i> (rs7653787)) and their contribution to smoking behaviour in a Malay male population. We identified 476 participants over the age of 18 years comprising 238 smokers and 238 non-smokers. Information such as age, height, weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, marital status, and smoking status of close family members were taken. For the genetic study, we genotyped four genes (<i>SLC6A3</i> (rs27072), <i>DRD1</i> (rs686), <i>DRD2</i> (rs1800497) and <i>DRD3</i> (rs7653787)) using the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method and further confirmed our findings with sequencing. Dopamine receptor genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) were found to be associated with smoking behaviour in a Malay male population. The dopamine transporter gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) did not show this association. Significant differences were observed between smokers’ and non-smokers’ age, systolic blood pressure, marital status and family members who smoke. Smoking behaviour is significantly influenced by genetic variations of <i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i> in a Malay male population.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/12/1633smoking behaviourdopamine transporterdopamine receptorgenepolymorphism |
| spellingShingle | Abu Bakar Ruzilawati Md Asiful Islam Siti Khariem Sophia Muhamed Imran Ahmad Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort Biomolecules smoking behaviour dopamine transporter dopamine receptor gene polymorphism |
| title | Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort |
| title_full | Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort |
| title_fullStr | Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort |
| title_short | Smoking Genes: A Case–Control Study of Dopamine Transporter Gene (<i>SLC6A3</i>) and Dopamine Receptor Genes (<i>DRD1</i>, <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD3</i>) Polymorphisms and Smoking Behaviour in a Malay Male Cohort |
| title_sort | smoking genes a case control study of dopamine transporter gene i slc6a3 i and dopamine receptor genes i drd1 i i drd2 i and i drd3 i polymorphisms and smoking behaviour in a malay male cohort |
| topic | smoking behaviour dopamine transporter dopamine receptor gene polymorphism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/12/1633 |
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