Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New?
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder with multifactorial aetiology and malignant transformation potential. Despite the treatments so far identified, new tailored and safe specific measures are needed. Recently, human microbiota imbalance has been linked to seve...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/3489 |
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| author | Paola Zanetta Margherita Ormelli Angela Amoruso Marco Pane Barbara Azzimonti Diletta Francesca Squarzanti |
| author_facet | Paola Zanetta Margherita Ormelli Angela Amoruso Marco Pane Barbara Azzimonti Diletta Francesca Squarzanti |
| author_sort | Paola Zanetta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder with multifactorial aetiology and malignant transformation potential. Despite the treatments so far identified, new tailored and safe specific measures are needed. Recently, human microbiota imbalance has been linked to several immune-mediated diseases, opening new therapeutic perspectives for probiotics; besides their ability to directly interact with the host microbiota, they also display a strain-specific immune-modulatory effect. Thus, this non-systematic review aims to elucidate the molecular pathways underlying probiotic activity, mainly those of <i>Lactobacilli</i> and <i>Bifidobacteria</i> and their metabolites in OLP pathogenesis and malignant transformation, focusing on the most recent in vitro and in vivo research evidence. Findings related to their activity in other immune-mediated diseases are here included, suggesting a probiotic translational use in OLP. Probiotics show immune-modulatory and microbiota-balancing activities; they protect the host from pathogens, hamper an excessive effector T cell response, reduce nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signalling and basal keratinocytes abnormal apoptosis, shifting the mucosal response towards the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus preventing uncontrolled damage. Therefore, probiotics could be a highly encouraging prevention and immunotherapeutic approach for a safer and more sustainable OLP management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:48:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f377de7f6c0242fd9395688418f43f9f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:48:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f377de7f6c0242fd9395688418f43f9f2023-11-30T23:17:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-03-01237348910.3390/ijms23073489Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New?Paola Zanetta0Margherita Ormelli1Angela Amoruso2Marco Pane3Barbara Azzimonti4Diletta Francesca Squarzanti5Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, ItalyLaboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, ItalyProbiotical Research Srl, Via Mattei 3, 28100 Novara, ItalyProbiotical Research Srl, Via Mattei 3, 28100 Novara, ItalyLaboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, ItalyLaboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, ItalyOral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder with multifactorial aetiology and malignant transformation potential. Despite the treatments so far identified, new tailored and safe specific measures are needed. Recently, human microbiota imbalance has been linked to several immune-mediated diseases, opening new therapeutic perspectives for probiotics; besides their ability to directly interact with the host microbiota, they also display a strain-specific immune-modulatory effect. Thus, this non-systematic review aims to elucidate the molecular pathways underlying probiotic activity, mainly those of <i>Lactobacilli</i> and <i>Bifidobacteria</i> and their metabolites in OLP pathogenesis and malignant transformation, focusing on the most recent in vitro and in vivo research evidence. Findings related to their activity in other immune-mediated diseases are here included, suggesting a probiotic translational use in OLP. Probiotics show immune-modulatory and microbiota-balancing activities; they protect the host from pathogens, hamper an excessive effector T cell response, reduce nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signalling and basal keratinocytes abnormal apoptosis, shifting the mucosal response towards the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus preventing uncontrolled damage. Therefore, probiotics could be a highly encouraging prevention and immunotherapeutic approach for a safer and more sustainable OLP management.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/3489oral lichen planus (OLP)probioticsapoptosiscytokinesNF-kB signallingT cells |
| spellingShingle | Paola Zanetta Margherita Ormelli Angela Amoruso Marco Pane Barbara Azzimonti Diletta Francesca Squarzanti Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New? International Journal of Molecular Sciences oral lichen planus (OLP) probiotics apoptosis cytokines NF-kB signalling T cells |
| title | Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New? |
| title_full | Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New? |
| title_fullStr | Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New? |
| title_short | Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New? |
| title_sort | probiotics as potential biological immunomodulators in the management of oral lichen planus what s new |
| topic | oral lichen planus (OLP) probiotics apoptosis cytokines NF-kB signalling T cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/7/3489 |
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