What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor
Neurocognitive deficits have been consistently associated with a wide range of psychopathology and are proposed to not only be a consequence of the development of psychopathology but also directly involved in its aetiology. However, there is no clear understanding of what neurocognitive processes ar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/4/421 |
| _version_ | 1797436651102797824 |
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| author | Darren Haywood Frank D. Baughman Barbara A. Mullan Karen R. Heslop |
| author_facet | Darren Haywood Frank D. Baughman Barbara A. Mullan Karen R. Heslop |
| author_sort | Darren Haywood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurocognitive deficits have been consistently associated with a wide range of psychopathology and are proposed to not only be a consequence of the development of psychopathology but also directly involved in its aetiology. However, there is no clear understanding of what neurocognitive processes are particularly important to mental health. In this paper, we explored the association between neurocognitive abilities and the factors derived from structural models of psychopathology. Four hundred participants from a representative community sample completed measures of symptomology and substance use, as well as 8 neurocognitive tasks. We found a correlated-factors model, with internalising and externalising as the higher-order factors, and a single-factor model with only the <i>p</i>-factor, to be good fits for the data. Tasks that measured the speed of processing were significantly associated with internalising, externalising, and the <i>p</i>-factor, and accounted for significant amounts of unique variance in the factors after accounting for the common variance of the other tasks. Tasks that measured working memory, shifting, and inhibition were not significantly associated with psychopathology factors. Our findings suggest that neurocognitive abilities may not be differentially associated with psychopathology factors, but that speed of processing is a common correlate of the factors. We emphasise the importance of examining neurocognitive abilities and psychopathology on the individual level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f37a8f31bd4740be90571cb7678f8a9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:05:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f37a8f31bd4740be90571cb7678f8a9a2023-12-01T00:58:49ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252022-03-0112442110.3390/brainsci12040421What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-FactorDarren Haywood0Frank D. Baughman1Barbara A. Mullan2Karen R. Heslop3Discipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth 6845, AustraliaDiscipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth 6845, AustraliaDiscipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth 6845, AustraliaCurtin School of Nursing, Curtin University, Perth 6845, AustraliaNeurocognitive deficits have been consistently associated with a wide range of psychopathology and are proposed to not only be a consequence of the development of psychopathology but also directly involved in its aetiology. However, there is no clear understanding of what neurocognitive processes are particularly important to mental health. In this paper, we explored the association between neurocognitive abilities and the factors derived from structural models of psychopathology. Four hundred participants from a representative community sample completed measures of symptomology and substance use, as well as 8 neurocognitive tasks. We found a correlated-factors model, with internalising and externalising as the higher-order factors, and a single-factor model with only the <i>p</i>-factor, to be good fits for the data. Tasks that measured the speed of processing were significantly associated with internalising, externalising, and the <i>p</i>-factor, and accounted for significant amounts of unique variance in the factors after accounting for the common variance of the other tasks. Tasks that measured working memory, shifting, and inhibition were not significantly associated with psychopathology factors. Our findings suggest that neurocognitive abilities may not be differentially associated with psychopathology factors, but that speed of processing is a common correlate of the factors. We emphasise the importance of examining neurocognitive abilities and psychopathology on the individual level.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/4/421<i>p</i>-factorinternalisingexternalisingpsychopathologyneurocognitionexecutive functioning |
| spellingShingle | Darren Haywood Frank D. Baughman Barbara A. Mullan Karen R. Heslop What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor Brain Sciences <i>p</i>-factor internalising externalising psychopathology neurocognition executive functioning |
| title | What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor |
| title_full | What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor |
| title_fullStr | What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor |
| title_full_unstemmed | What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor |
| title_short | What Accounts for the Factors of Psychopathology? An Investigation of the Neurocognitive Correlates of Internalising, Externalising, and the <i>p</i>-Factor |
| title_sort | what accounts for the factors of psychopathology an investigation of the neurocognitive correlates of internalising externalising and the i p i factor |
| topic | <i>p</i>-factor internalising externalising psychopathology neurocognition executive functioning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/4/421 |
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