Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others
Innate lymphocytes have recently received a lot of attention. However, there are different ideas about the definition of what is innate in lymphocytes. Lymphocytes without V(D)J-rearranged antigen receptors are now termed innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and include cells formerly known as NK cells. Als...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00486/full |
| _version_ | 1819143201519304704 |
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| author | David eVermijlen Immo ePrinz |
| author_facet | David eVermijlen Immo ePrinz |
| author_sort | David eVermijlen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Innate lymphocytes have recently received a lot of attention. However, there are different ideas about the definition of what is innate in lymphocytes. Lymphocytes without V(D)J-rearranged antigen receptors are now termed innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and include cells formerly known as NK cells. Also, lymphocytes that are innate should be able to recognize microbial or stress-induced patterns and react rapidly without prior sensitization, as opposed to adaptive immune responses. Formally, genuine innate lymphocytes would be present before or at birth. Here we review the ontogeny of human and mouse innate T lymphocyte populations. We focus on γδ T cells, which are prototype lymphocytes that often use their V(D)J rearrangement machinery to generate genetically encoded predetermined recombinations of antigen receptors. We make parallels between the development of γδ T cells with that of innate aβ T cells (invariant (i)NKT and mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells) and compare this with the ontogeny of innate B cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs, including NK cells). We conclude that some subsets are more innate than others, i.e. innate lymphocytes that are made primarily early in utero during gestation while others are made after birth. In practice, a ranking of innateness by ontogeny has implications for the reconstitution of innate lymphocyte subsets after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:22:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f383edf1b38344a3bc97cf24d2b38b40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:22:29Z |
| publishDate | 2014-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f383edf1b38344a3bc97cf24d2b38b402022-12-21T18:25:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242014-10-01510.3389/fimmu.2014.00486110132Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then othersDavid eVermijlen0Immo ePrinz1Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)Hannover Medical SchoolInnate lymphocytes have recently received a lot of attention. However, there are different ideas about the definition of what is innate in lymphocytes. Lymphocytes without V(D)J-rearranged antigen receptors are now termed innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and include cells formerly known as NK cells. Also, lymphocytes that are innate should be able to recognize microbial or stress-induced patterns and react rapidly without prior sensitization, as opposed to adaptive immune responses. Formally, genuine innate lymphocytes would be present before or at birth. Here we review the ontogeny of human and mouse innate T lymphocyte populations. We focus on γδ T cells, which are prototype lymphocytes that often use their V(D)J rearrangement machinery to generate genetically encoded predetermined recombinations of antigen receptors. We make parallels between the development of γδ T cells with that of innate aβ T cells (invariant (i)NKT and mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells) and compare this with the ontogeny of innate B cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs, including NK cells). We conclude that some subsets are more innate than others, i.e. innate lymphocytes that are made primarily early in utero during gestation while others are made after birth. In practice, a ranking of innateness by ontogeny has implications for the reconstitution of innate lymphocyte subsets after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00486/fullB cellT cellfetalInnateinnate lymphoid cellsgammadelta T cells |
| spellingShingle | David eVermijlen Immo ePrinz Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others Frontiers in Immunology B cell T cell fetal Innate innate lymphoid cells gammadelta T cells |
| title | Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others |
| title_full | Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others |
| title_fullStr | Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others |
| title_short | Ontogeny of innate T lymphocytes - some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others |
| title_sort | ontogeny of innate t lymphocytes some innate lymphocytes are more innate then others |
| topic | B cell T cell fetal Innate innate lymphoid cells gammadelta T cells |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00486/full |
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