Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress
Some lichens provide the resources of common traditional medicines and show anticancer effects. However, the anticancer effect of <i>Usnproliea barbata</i> (<i>U. barbata</i>) is rarely investigated, especially for oral cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate t...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/8/694 |
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| author | Jen-Yang Tang Kuang-Han Wu Yen-Yun Wang Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Hurng-Wern Huang Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan Ru-In Jian Li-Yi Tsao Po-An Chen Fang-Rong Chang Yuan-Bin Cheng Hao-Chun Hu Hsueh-Wei Chang |
| author_facet | Jen-Yang Tang Kuang-Han Wu Yen-Yun Wang Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Hurng-Wern Huang Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan Ru-In Jian Li-Yi Tsao Po-An Chen Fang-Rong Chang Yuan-Bin Cheng Hao-Chun Hu Hsueh-Wei Chang |
| author_sort | Jen-Yang Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some lichens provide the resources of common traditional medicines and show anticancer effects. However, the anticancer effect of <i>Usnproliea barbata</i> (<i>U. barbata</i>) is rarely investigated, especially for oral cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the cell killing function of methanol extracts of <i>U. barbata</i> (MEUB) against oral cancer cells. MEUB shows preferential killing against a number of oral cancer cell lines (Ca9-22, OECM-1, CAL 27, HSC3, and SCC9) but rarely affects normal oral cell lines (HGF-1). Ca9-22 and OECM-1 cells display the highest sensitivity to MEUB and were chosen for concentration effect and time course experiments to address its cytotoxic mechanisms. MEUB induces apoptosis of oral cancer cells in terms of the findings from flow cytometric assays and Western blotting, such as subG1 accumulation, annexin V detection, and pancaspase activation as well as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. MEUB induces oxidative stress and DNA damage of oral cancer cells following flow cytometric assays, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS)/mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depletion as well as overexpression of γH2AX and 8-oxo-2′deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). All MEUB-induced changes in oral cancer cells were triggered by oxidative stress which was validated by pretreatment with antioxidant <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine (NAC). In conclusion, MEUB causes preferential killing of oral cancer cells and is associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:01:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f388258b9e8a4926a9cbb264a4684e1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:01:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f388258b9e8a4926a9cbb264a4684e1b2023-11-20T08:54:03ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-08-019869410.3390/antiox9080694Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative StressJen-Yang Tang0Kuang-Han Wu1Yen-Yun Wang2Ammad Ahmad Farooqi3Hurng-Wern Huang4Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan5Ru-In Jian6Li-Yi Tsao7Po-An Chen8Fang-Rong Chang9Yuan-Bin Cheng10Hao-Chun Hu11Hsueh-Wei Chang12Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanDepartment of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, PakistanInstitute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, TaiwanCancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanCancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanSome lichens provide the resources of common traditional medicines and show anticancer effects. However, the anticancer effect of <i>Usnproliea barbata</i> (<i>U. barbata</i>) is rarely investigated, especially for oral cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the cell killing function of methanol extracts of <i>U. barbata</i> (MEUB) against oral cancer cells. MEUB shows preferential killing against a number of oral cancer cell lines (Ca9-22, OECM-1, CAL 27, HSC3, and SCC9) but rarely affects normal oral cell lines (HGF-1). Ca9-22 and OECM-1 cells display the highest sensitivity to MEUB and were chosen for concentration effect and time course experiments to address its cytotoxic mechanisms. MEUB induces apoptosis of oral cancer cells in terms of the findings from flow cytometric assays and Western blotting, such as subG1 accumulation, annexin V detection, and pancaspase activation as well as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. MEUB induces oxidative stress and DNA damage of oral cancer cells following flow cytometric assays, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS)/mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depletion as well as overexpression of γH2AX and 8-oxo-2′deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). All MEUB-induced changes in oral cancer cells were triggered by oxidative stress which was validated by pretreatment with antioxidant <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine (NAC). In conclusion, MEUB causes preferential killing of oral cancer cells and is associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/8/694lichennatural productpreferential killingoxidative stressapoptosisDNA damage |
| spellingShingle | Jen-Yang Tang Kuang-Han Wu Yen-Yun Wang Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Hurng-Wern Huang Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan Ru-In Jian Li-Yi Tsao Po-An Chen Fang-Rong Chang Yuan-Bin Cheng Hao-Chun Hu Hsueh-Wei Chang Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress Antioxidants lichen natural product preferential killing oxidative stress apoptosis DNA damage |
| title | Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress |
| title_full | Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress |
| title_fullStr | Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress |
| title_short | Methanol Extract of <i>Usnea barbata</i> Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress |
| title_sort | methanol extract of i usnea barbata i induces cell killing apoptosis and dna damage against oral cancer cells through oxidative stress |
| topic | lichen natural product preferential killing oxidative stress apoptosis DNA damage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/8/694 |
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