The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>
<i>Background:</i> Carotenoids, which are secondary metabolites derived from isoprenoids, play a crucial role in photo-protection and photosynthesis, and act as precursors for abscisic acid, a hormone that plays a significant role in plant abiotic stress responses. The biosynthesis of ca...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1925 |
| _version_ | 1797598636696141824 |
|---|---|
| author | Orlando Acevedo Rodrigo A. Contreras Claudia Stange |
| author_facet | Orlando Acevedo Rodrigo A. Contreras Claudia Stange |
| author_sort | Orlando Acevedo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background:</i> Carotenoids, which are secondary metabolites derived from isoprenoids, play a crucial role in photo-protection and photosynthesis, and act as precursors for abscisic acid, a hormone that plays a significant role in plant abiotic stress responses. The biosynthesis of carotenoids in higher plants initiates with the production of phytoene from two geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate molecules. Phytoene synthase (PSY), an essential catalytic enzyme in the process, regulates this crucial step in the pathway. In <i>Daucus carota</i> L. (carrot), two <i>PSY</i> genes (<i>DcPSY1</i> and <i>DcPSY2</i>) have been identified but only <i>DcPSY2</i> expression is induced by ABA. Here we show that the ectopic expression of <i>DcPSY2</i> in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> L. (tobacco) produces in L3 and L6 a significant increase in total carotenoids and chlorophyll <i>a</i>, and a significant increment in phytoene in the T<sub>1</sub>L6 line. Tobacco transgenic T<sub>1</sub>L3 and T<sub>1</sub>L6 lines subjected to chronic NaCl stress showed an increase of between 2 and 3- and 6-fold in survival rate relative to control lines, which correlates directly with an increase in the expression of endogenous carotenogenic and abiotic-related genes, and with ABA levels. <i>Conclusions:</i> These results provide evidence of the functionality of <i>DcPSY2</i> in conferring salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco T<sub>1</sub>L3 and T<sub>1</sub>L6 lines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f399a52eda1949a5a6a32357ab6bc712 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f399a52eda1949a5a6a32357ab6bc7122023-11-18T02:55:08ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-05-011210192510.3390/plants12101925The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>Orlando Acevedo0Rodrigo A. Contreras1Claudia Stange2Centro de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7750000, ChileResearch Unit, Department of R&D, The Not Company SpA (NotCo), Avenida Quilin 3550, Macul, Santiago 7750000, ChileCentro de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7750000, Chile<i>Background:</i> Carotenoids, which are secondary metabolites derived from isoprenoids, play a crucial role in photo-protection and photosynthesis, and act as precursors for abscisic acid, a hormone that plays a significant role in plant abiotic stress responses. The biosynthesis of carotenoids in higher plants initiates with the production of phytoene from two geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate molecules. Phytoene synthase (PSY), an essential catalytic enzyme in the process, regulates this crucial step in the pathway. In <i>Daucus carota</i> L. (carrot), two <i>PSY</i> genes (<i>DcPSY1</i> and <i>DcPSY2</i>) have been identified but only <i>DcPSY2</i> expression is induced by ABA. Here we show that the ectopic expression of <i>DcPSY2</i> in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> L. (tobacco) produces in L3 and L6 a significant increase in total carotenoids and chlorophyll <i>a</i>, and a significant increment in phytoene in the T<sub>1</sub>L6 line. Tobacco transgenic T<sub>1</sub>L3 and T<sub>1</sub>L6 lines subjected to chronic NaCl stress showed an increase of between 2 and 3- and 6-fold in survival rate relative to control lines, which correlates directly with an increase in the expression of endogenous carotenogenic and abiotic-related genes, and with ABA levels. <i>Conclusions:</i> These results provide evidence of the functionality of <i>DcPSY2</i> in conferring salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco T<sub>1</sub>L3 and T<sub>1</sub>L6 lines.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1925<i>DcPSY2</i>phytoene synthasecarrotcarotenoids<i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>salt stress |
| spellingShingle | Orlando Acevedo Rodrigo A. Contreras Claudia Stange The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> Plants <i>DcPSY2</i> phytoene synthase carrot carotenoids <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> salt stress |
| title | The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> |
| title_full | The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> |
| title_fullStr | The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> |
| title_short | The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 (<i>DcPSY2</i>) Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> |
| title_sort | carrot phytoene synthase 2 i dcpsy2 i promotes salt stress tolerance through a positive regulation of abscisic acid and abiotic related genes in i nicotiana tabacum i |
| topic | <i>DcPSY2</i> phytoene synthase carrot carotenoids <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> salt stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1925 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT orlandoacevedo thecarrotphytoenesynthase2idcpsy2ipromotessaltstresstolerancethroughapositiveregulationofabscisicacidandabioticrelatedgenesininicotianatabacumi AT rodrigoacontreras thecarrotphytoenesynthase2idcpsy2ipromotessaltstresstolerancethroughapositiveregulationofabscisicacidandabioticrelatedgenesininicotianatabacumi AT claudiastange thecarrotphytoenesynthase2idcpsy2ipromotessaltstresstolerancethroughapositiveregulationofabscisicacidandabioticrelatedgenesininicotianatabacumi AT orlandoacevedo carrotphytoenesynthase2idcpsy2ipromotessaltstresstolerancethroughapositiveregulationofabscisicacidandabioticrelatedgenesininicotianatabacumi AT rodrigoacontreras carrotphytoenesynthase2idcpsy2ipromotessaltstresstolerancethroughapositiveregulationofabscisicacidandabioticrelatedgenesininicotianatabacumi AT claudiastange carrotphytoenesynthase2idcpsy2ipromotessaltstresstolerancethroughapositiveregulationofabscisicacidandabioticrelatedgenesininicotianatabacumi |