EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA.
Intro: Combating AMR is a major challenge in current era. This study aims to investigate the distribution of AMR and the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) among livestock, wild animals and environment in an ecosystem with a high density of organized livestock farms in Sri Lanka. Methods: One s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223001613 |
| _version_ | 1797824678454099968 |
|---|---|
| author | B.M.Y.I. Basnayake G.G.T. Nisansala P.I.J.B. Wijewickrama U.S. Weerathunga K.W.M.Y.D. Gunasekara D.B.N. Pushpakumara N.K. Jayasekera A.W. Kalupahana R.S. Kalupahana A. Silva-Fletcher K.S.A. Kottawatta |
| author_facet | B.M.Y.I. Basnayake G.G.T. Nisansala P.I.J.B. Wijewickrama U.S. Weerathunga K.W.M.Y.D. Gunasekara D.B.N. Pushpakumara N.K. Jayasekera A.W. Kalupahana R.S. Kalupahana A. Silva-Fletcher K.S.A. Kottawatta |
| author_sort | B.M.Y.I. Basnayake |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intro: Combating AMR is a major challenge in current era. This study aims to investigate the distribution of AMR and the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) among livestock, wild animals and environment in an ecosystem with a high density of organized livestock farms in Sri Lanka. Methods: One square km area at Kosgama was mapped using GPS as the study area. In total 222 samples: feces from livestock and wild animals, soil and water from environment, were collected and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated. Maximum of two E. coli per sample were tested to profile AMR for 12 antimicrobials. Among the E. coli, ESBL producers were screened and ESBL expressions were phenotypically detected using cefpodoxime combination disk kit. Prevalence of common ESBL genes: blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV was detected by PCR. Findings: Seventy seven percent (61/79) of livestock, 62% (42/68) of wild animals, 79% (35/44) of soil and 68% (21/31) of water samples were positive for E. coli. Of the E. coli tested for AMR in livestock, the highest resistance (51.7%) was detected against tetracycline followed by ampicillin (39.4%) and nalidixic acid (37.7%). E. coli from wildlife (45%) and soil/ water (46.5%) reflected the highest resistance against streptomycin. Of the E. coli isolates, 31.5% (36/114) of livestock, 7.3% (6/82) of wildlife, 12.1% (8/66) of soil and 31.4% (11/35) of water were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Among 37 E. coli screened as ESBL, two from a mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) were phenotypically positive for ESBL. Prevalence of ESBL genes were ∼49% (18/37) of which 17 carried blaTEM gene and one that expressed ESBL phenotypically contained blaCTX-M gene. Gene bla SHV was not detected. Conclusion: Unexpected presence of AMR, MDR and ESBL E. coli particularly in wild animals and environment throw light on necessity of prudent use of antimicrobials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:41:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3a17c0e0a3e4890a53734a6386c532d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1201-9712 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:41:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-f3a17c0e0a3e4890a53734a6386c532d2023-05-18T04:37:59ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122023-05-01130S12EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA.B.M.Y.I. Basnayake0G.G.T. Nisansala1P.I.J.B. Wijewickrama2U.S. Weerathunga3K.W.M.Y.D. Gunasekara4D.B.N. Pushpakumara5N.K. Jayasekera6A.W. Kalupahana7R.S. Kalupahana8A. Silva-Fletcher9K.S.A. Kottawatta10Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Preclinical Department, Kelantan, MalaysiaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaWildlife Health Management Center, Department of Wildlife Conservation, Ampara, Sri LankaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Peradeniya, Sri LankaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaUniversity of London, Royal Veterinary College, London, United KingdomFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Peradeniya, Sri LankaIntro: Combating AMR is a major challenge in current era. This study aims to investigate the distribution of AMR and the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) among livestock, wild animals and environment in an ecosystem with a high density of organized livestock farms in Sri Lanka. Methods: One square km area at Kosgama was mapped using GPS as the study area. In total 222 samples: feces from livestock and wild animals, soil and water from environment, were collected and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated. Maximum of two E. coli per sample were tested to profile AMR for 12 antimicrobials. Among the E. coli, ESBL producers were screened and ESBL expressions were phenotypically detected using cefpodoxime combination disk kit. Prevalence of common ESBL genes: blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV was detected by PCR. Findings: Seventy seven percent (61/79) of livestock, 62% (42/68) of wild animals, 79% (35/44) of soil and 68% (21/31) of water samples were positive for E. coli. Of the E. coli tested for AMR in livestock, the highest resistance (51.7%) was detected against tetracycline followed by ampicillin (39.4%) and nalidixic acid (37.7%). E. coli from wildlife (45%) and soil/ water (46.5%) reflected the highest resistance against streptomycin. Of the E. coli isolates, 31.5% (36/114) of livestock, 7.3% (6/82) of wildlife, 12.1% (8/66) of soil and 31.4% (11/35) of water were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Among 37 E. coli screened as ESBL, two from a mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) were phenotypically positive for ESBL. Prevalence of ESBL genes were ∼49% (18/37) of which 17 carried blaTEM gene and one that expressed ESBL phenotypically contained blaCTX-M gene. Gene bla SHV was not detected. Conclusion: Unexpected presence of AMR, MDR and ESBL E. coli particularly in wild animals and environment throw light on necessity of prudent use of antimicrobials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223001613 |
| spellingShingle | B.M.Y.I. Basnayake G.G.T. Nisansala P.I.J.B. Wijewickrama U.S. Weerathunga K.W.M.Y.D. Gunasekara D.B.N. Pushpakumara N.K. Jayasekera A.W. Kalupahana R.S. Kalupahana A. Silva-Fletcher K.S.A. Kottawatta EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA. International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| title | EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA. |
| title_full | EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA. |
| title_fullStr | EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA. |
| title_full_unstemmed | EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA. |
| title_short | EXTENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) IN AN ECOSYSTEM WITH ORGANIZED LIVESTOCK FARMING IN SRI LANKA. |
| title_sort | extent of antimicrobial resistance amr in an ecosystem with organized livestock farming in sri lanka |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971223001613 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bmyibasnayake extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT ggtnisansala extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT pijbwijewickrama extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT usweerathunga extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT kwmydgunasekara extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT dbnpushpakumara extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT nkjayasekera extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT awkalupahana extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT rskalupahana extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT asilvafletcher extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka AT ksakottawatta extentofantimicrobialresistanceamrinanecosystemwithorganizedlivestockfarminginsrilanka |