Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response
BackgroundA vaccination campaign targeted adults in response to the pandemic in the City of Rio de Janeiro.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and identify factors associated with seropositivity on vaccinated and unvaccinated residents.MethodsWe performed a sero...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1017337/full |
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| author | José Cerbino-Neto José Cerbino-Neto José Cerbino-Neto Igor Tona Peres Margareth Catoia Varela Luciana Gomes Pedro Brandão Juliana Arruda de Matos Juliana Arruda de Matos Luiz Felipe Pinto Marcellus Dias da Costa Márcio Henrique de Oliveira Garcia Daniel Soranz Daniel Soranz Maria de Lourdes de Sousa Maia Marco Aurélio Krieger Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho Otavio Ranzani Otavio Ranzani Silvio Hamacher Fernando Augusto Bozza Fernando Augusto Bozza Gerson Oliveira Penna |
| author_facet | José Cerbino-Neto José Cerbino-Neto José Cerbino-Neto Igor Tona Peres Margareth Catoia Varela Luciana Gomes Pedro Brandão Juliana Arruda de Matos Juliana Arruda de Matos Luiz Felipe Pinto Marcellus Dias da Costa Márcio Henrique de Oliveira Garcia Daniel Soranz Daniel Soranz Maria de Lourdes de Sousa Maia Marco Aurélio Krieger Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho Otavio Ranzani Otavio Ranzani Silvio Hamacher Fernando Augusto Bozza Fernando Augusto Bozza Gerson Oliveira Penna |
| author_sort | José Cerbino-Neto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundA vaccination campaign targeted adults in response to the pandemic in the City of Rio de Janeiro.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and identify factors associated with seropositivity on vaccinated and unvaccinated residents.MethodsWe performed a seroepidemiologic survey in all residents of Paquetá Island, a neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro city, during the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. Serological tests were performed from June 16 to June 19, 2021, and adjusted seropositivity rates were estimated by age and epidemiological variables. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted ORs for risk factors to SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in non-vaccinated individuals, and potential determinants of the magnitude of antibody responses in the seropositive population.ResultsWe included in the study 3,016 residents of Paquetá (83.5% of the island population). The crude seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in our sample was 53.6% (95% CI = 51.0, 56.3). The risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in non-vaccinated individuals were history of confirmed previous COVID-19 infection (OR = 4.74; 95% CI = 3.3, 7.0), being a household contact of a case (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.5, 2.6) and in-person learning (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.4, 3.0). Potential determinants of the magnitude of antibody responses among the seropositive were hybrid immunity, the type of vaccine received, and time since the last vaccine dose. Being vaccinated with Pfizer or AstraZeneca (Beta = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.8, 2.6) determined higher antibody titers than those observed with CoronaVac (Beta = 1.2; 95% CI = 0.9, 1.5).ConclusionsOur study highlights the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 collective immunity even in a highly affected population, showing the difference in antibody titers achieved with different vaccines and how they wane with time, reinforcing how these factors should be considered when estimating effectiveness of a vaccination program at any given time. We also found that hybrid immunity was superior to both infection-induced and vaccine-induced immunity alone, and online learning protected students from COVID-19 exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:03:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3a1e9cbae394417b74ef9681da42b85 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:03:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-f3a1e9cbae394417b74ef9681da42b852022-12-22T02:49:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652022-11-011010.3389/fpubh.2022.10173371017337Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine responseJosé Cerbino-Neto0José Cerbino-Neto1José Cerbino-Neto2Igor Tona Peres3Margareth Catoia Varela4Luciana Gomes Pedro Brandão5Juliana Arruda de Matos6Juliana Arruda de Matos7Luiz Felipe Pinto8Marcellus Dias da Costa9Márcio Henrique de Oliveira Garcia10Daniel Soranz11Daniel Soranz12Maria de Lourdes de Sousa Maia13Marco Aurélio Krieger14Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha15Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho16Otavio Ranzani17Otavio Ranzani18Silvio Hamacher19Fernando Augusto Bozza20Fernando Augusto Bozza21Gerson Oliveira Penna22Municipal Health Department of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro City Government, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilD'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Tecgraf Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Jamil Haddad, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilSchool of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilMunicipal Health Department of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro City Government, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilMunicipal Health Department of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro City Government, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBiomanguinhos Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilVice Presidency of Production and Innovation in Health (VPPIS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil0Coordination of Health Surveillance and Reference Laboratories, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain2Pulmonary Division, Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Tecgraf Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilNational Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, BrazilD'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil3Tropical Medicine Centre - University of Brasília and Fiocruz School of Government, Brasília, BrazilBackgroundA vaccination campaign targeted adults in response to the pandemic in the City of Rio de Janeiro.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and identify factors associated with seropositivity on vaccinated and unvaccinated residents.MethodsWe performed a seroepidemiologic survey in all residents of Paquetá Island, a neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro city, during the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. Serological tests were performed from June 16 to June 19, 2021, and adjusted seropositivity rates were estimated by age and epidemiological variables. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted ORs for risk factors to SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in non-vaccinated individuals, and potential determinants of the magnitude of antibody responses in the seropositive population.ResultsWe included in the study 3,016 residents of Paquetá (83.5% of the island population). The crude seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in our sample was 53.6% (95% CI = 51.0, 56.3). The risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in non-vaccinated individuals were history of confirmed previous COVID-19 infection (OR = 4.74; 95% CI = 3.3, 7.0), being a household contact of a case (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.5, 2.6) and in-person learning (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.4, 3.0). Potential determinants of the magnitude of antibody responses among the seropositive were hybrid immunity, the type of vaccine received, and time since the last vaccine dose. Being vaccinated with Pfizer or AstraZeneca (Beta = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.8, 2.6) determined higher antibody titers than those observed with CoronaVac (Beta = 1.2; 95% CI = 0.9, 1.5).ConclusionsOur study highlights the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 collective immunity even in a highly affected population, showing the difference in antibody titers achieved with different vaccines and how they wane with time, reinforcing how these factors should be considered when estimating effectiveness of a vaccination program at any given time. We also found that hybrid immunity was superior to both infection-induced and vaccine-induced immunity alone, and online learning protected students from COVID-19 exposure.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1017337/fullseroepidemiologic studiesCOVID-19antibody responseseropositivityrisk factorsvaccine |
| spellingShingle | José Cerbino-Neto José Cerbino-Neto José Cerbino-Neto Igor Tona Peres Margareth Catoia Varela Luciana Gomes Pedro Brandão Juliana Arruda de Matos Juliana Arruda de Matos Luiz Felipe Pinto Marcellus Dias da Costa Márcio Henrique de Oliveira Garcia Daniel Soranz Daniel Soranz Maria de Lourdes de Sousa Maia Marco Aurélio Krieger Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho Otavio Ranzani Otavio Ranzani Silvio Hamacher Fernando Augusto Bozza Fernando Augusto Bozza Gerson Oliveira Penna Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response Frontiers in Public Health seroepidemiologic studies COVID-19 antibody response seropositivity risk factors vaccine |
| title | Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response |
| title_full | Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response |
| title_fullStr | Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response |
| title_short | Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response |
| title_sort | seroepidemiology of sars cov 2 on a partially vaccinated island in brazil determinants of infection and vaccine response |
| topic | seroepidemiologic studies COVID-19 antibody response seropositivity risk factors vaccine |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1017337/full |
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