Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L.
Abstract The pollution of water has been one of the greatest problems faced by the modern society, due to industrialization and urban growth. Rivers, lakes and seas have been continually suffering from the rising concentration of various pollutants, especially toxic elements. This study aimed to eva...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Water Science |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-018-0724-8 |
| _version_ | 1818481160816164864 |
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| author | Gustavo Ferreira Coelho Affonso Celso Gonçalves Daniel Schwantes Esperanza Álvarez Rodríguez César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley Douglas Dragunski Élio Conradi Junior |
| author_facet | Gustavo Ferreira Coelho Affonso Celso Gonçalves Daniel Schwantes Esperanza Álvarez Rodríguez César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley Douglas Dragunski Élio Conradi Junior |
| author_sort | Gustavo Ferreira Coelho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The pollution of water has been one of the greatest problems faced by the modern society, due to industrialization and urban growth. Rivers, lakes and seas have been continually suffering from the rising concentration of various pollutants, especially toxic elements. This study aimed to evaluate the use of cashew nut shell (Anacardium occidentale) (CNS), after chemical modification with H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH, as an new and renewable adsorbent material, for the removal of metals Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cr3+ in aqueous medium. The adsorbents were characterized by its chemical constitution, structure, infrared spectroscopy, morphology, by means of scanning electron microscopy, determination of the point of zero charge, thermogravimetrical analysis and porosimetry assessments. Tests were conducted to determine the optimal conditions (pH vs. adsorbent mass) for adsorption, by means of multivariate analysis using a central composite design. The adsorption kinetics was evaluated by models of pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion, while adsorption isotherms were linearized by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich. The effect of initial concentration, temperature and desorption was also performed. The adsorbents exhibited irregular, spongy and heterogeneous structure. FTIR analysis confirms the presence of hydroxyl, aliphatic, phenolic and carboxylic acid groups, which are favorable adsorption characteristics. The pHPZC of adsorbent is 4.35, 2.50 e 6.92, respectively, for CNS H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH. The optimum adsorption conditions were as follows: pH 5.0; relation of adsorbent mass/volume of water: 4 g L−1; 40 min of contact time for reaching the equilibration. Results suggest the predominance of chemisorption of Cd2+ and Cr3+. Most of biosorbents exhibited good fit by Langmuir and Freundlich, suggesting the occurrence of adsorption on mono- and multilayers. The adsorbents of cashew nut shell exhibited high removal efficiency of Cd, Pb and Cr from waters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T11:31:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3ba39e3b5e5442281611b118f1153ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T11:31:17Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Water Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f3ba39e3b5e5442281611b118f1153ae2022-12-22T01:50:34ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952018-06-018312110.1007/s13201-018-0724-8Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L.Gustavo Ferreira Coelho0Affonso Celso Gonçalves1Daniel Schwantes2Esperanza Álvarez Rodríguez3César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley4Douglas Dragunski5Élio Conradi Junior6Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR)State University of Western Paraná (UNIOESTE)Federal University of Paraná (UFPR)University of Santiago de Compostela (USC)Londrina State University (UEL)State University of Western Paraná (UNIOESTE)State University of Western Paraná (UNIOESTE)Abstract The pollution of water has been one of the greatest problems faced by the modern society, due to industrialization and urban growth. Rivers, lakes and seas have been continually suffering from the rising concentration of various pollutants, especially toxic elements. This study aimed to evaluate the use of cashew nut shell (Anacardium occidentale) (CNS), after chemical modification with H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH, as an new and renewable adsorbent material, for the removal of metals Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cr3+ in aqueous medium. The adsorbents were characterized by its chemical constitution, structure, infrared spectroscopy, morphology, by means of scanning electron microscopy, determination of the point of zero charge, thermogravimetrical analysis and porosimetry assessments. Tests were conducted to determine the optimal conditions (pH vs. adsorbent mass) for adsorption, by means of multivariate analysis using a central composite design. The adsorption kinetics was evaluated by models of pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion, while adsorption isotherms were linearized by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich. The effect of initial concentration, temperature and desorption was also performed. The adsorbents exhibited irregular, spongy and heterogeneous structure. FTIR analysis confirms the presence of hydroxyl, aliphatic, phenolic and carboxylic acid groups, which are favorable adsorption characteristics. The pHPZC of adsorbent is 4.35, 2.50 e 6.92, respectively, for CNS H2O2, H2SO4 and NaOH. The optimum adsorption conditions were as follows: pH 5.0; relation of adsorbent mass/volume of water: 4 g L−1; 40 min of contact time for reaching the equilibration. Results suggest the predominance of chemisorption of Cd2+ and Cr3+. Most of biosorbents exhibited good fit by Langmuir and Freundlich, suggesting the occurrence of adsorption on mono- and multilayers. The adsorbents of cashew nut shell exhibited high removal efficiency of Cd, Pb and Cr from waters.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-018-0724-8BiosorbentBiosorptionMetal adsorptionRemediationWater pollution |
| spellingShingle | Gustavo Ferreira Coelho Affonso Celso Gonçalves Daniel Schwantes Esperanza Álvarez Rodríguez César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley Douglas Dragunski Élio Conradi Junior Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L. Applied Water Science Biosorbent Biosorption Metal adsorption Remediation Water pollution |
| title | Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L. |
| title_full | Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L. |
| title_fullStr | Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L. |
| title_short | Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L. |
| title_sort | removal of cd ii pb ii and cr iii from water using modified residues of anacardium occidentale l |
| topic | Biosorbent Biosorption Metal adsorption Remediation Water pollution |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-018-0724-8 |
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