Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores.
There is a lack of data for how the viability of biological agents may degrade over time in different environments. In this study, experiments were conducted to determine the persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis spores on outdoor materials with and without exposure to simulated su...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4570822?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819276845927890944 |
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| author | Joseph P Wood Kathryn M Meyer Thomas J Kelly Young W Choi James V Rogers Karen B Riggs Zachary J Willenberg |
| author_facet | Joseph P Wood Kathryn M Meyer Thomas J Kelly Young W Choi James V Rogers Karen B Riggs Zachary J Willenberg |
| author_sort | Joseph P Wood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is a lack of data for how the viability of biological agents may degrade over time in different environments. In this study, experiments were conducted to determine the persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis spores on outdoor materials with and without exposure to simulated sunlight, using ultraviolet (UV)-A/B radiation. Spores were inoculated onto glass, wood, concrete, and topsoil and recovered after periods of 2, 14, 28, and 56 days. Recovery and inactivation kinetics for the two species were assessed for each surface material and UV exposure condition. Results suggest that with exposure to UV, decay of spore viability for both Bacillus species occurs in two phases, with an initial rapid decay, followed by a slower inactivation period. The exception was with topsoil, in which there was minimal loss of spore viability in soil over 56 days, with or without UV exposure. The greatest loss in viable spore recovery occurred on glass with UV exposure, with nearly a four log10 reduction after just two days. In most cases, B. subtilis had a slower rate of decay than B. anthracis, although less B. subtilis was recovered initially. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:46:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3bd4286d1694712a7a468fa813dafce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:46:42Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-f3bd4286d1694712a7a468fa813dafce2022-12-21T17:25:29ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032015-01-01109e013808310.1371/journal.pone.0138083Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores.Joseph P WoodKathryn M MeyerThomas J KellyYoung W ChoiJames V RogersKaren B RiggsZachary J WillenbergThere is a lack of data for how the viability of biological agents may degrade over time in different environments. In this study, experiments were conducted to determine the persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis spores on outdoor materials with and without exposure to simulated sunlight, using ultraviolet (UV)-A/B radiation. Spores were inoculated onto glass, wood, concrete, and topsoil and recovered after periods of 2, 14, 28, and 56 days. Recovery and inactivation kinetics for the two species were assessed for each surface material and UV exposure condition. Results suggest that with exposure to UV, decay of spore viability for both Bacillus species occurs in two phases, with an initial rapid decay, followed by a slower inactivation period. The exception was with topsoil, in which there was minimal loss of spore viability in soil over 56 days, with or without UV exposure. The greatest loss in viable spore recovery occurred on glass with UV exposure, with nearly a four log10 reduction after just two days. In most cases, B. subtilis had a slower rate of decay than B. anthracis, although less B. subtilis was recovered initially.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4570822?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Joseph P Wood Kathryn M Meyer Thomas J Kelly Young W Choi James V Rogers Karen B Riggs Zachary J Willenberg Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores. PLoS ONE |
| title | Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores. |
| title_full | Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores. |
| title_fullStr | Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores. |
| title_short | Environmental Persistence of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus subtilis Spores. |
| title_sort | environmental persistence of bacillus anthracis and bacillus subtilis spores |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4570822?pdf=render |
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