| Summary: | Introduction
Despite the effectiveness of smoking cessation counseling, participation
of nurses in delivering smoking cessation advice has been far from satisfactory
in practice. Training nurses is considered to be important for increasing selfefficacy
and skills for routine delivery of smoking cessation counseling. The aim
of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a smoking cessation
educational program for Japanese nurses on subsequent changes of their behavior
in delivering smoking cessation counseling, three months later.
Methods
We ran a 6-hour smoking cessation educational program for nurses
recruited from the Nursing Associations of 13 prefectures in Japan between May
2019 and February 2020. Surveys were conducted by questionnaire before the
start of the program and 3 months thereafter. The successful implementation of
smoking cessation counseling behavior was evaluated according to the 5As of
the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence (Ask,
Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange).
Results
We received 289 responses 3 months after the program finished (response
rate 46.0%). At that time, 43% of participants had increased the frequency of
‘Ask’ and 42.1%, 50%, 39.3%, and 28.6%, respectively, had also increased their
frequency of ‘Advise’, ‘Assess’, ‘Assist’, and ‘Arrange’. We found that smoking
cessation counseling was significantly more frequently delivered after the
educational program for those participants who had routinely delivered ‘Advise’
before the program as measured by increased delivery of ‘Assess’ and ‘Assist’
afterwards (OR=2.39; 95% CI: 1.00–5.69, OR=2.54; 95% CI: 1.16–5.60 and
OR=3.68; 95% CI: 1.40–9.65, OR=2.77; 95% CI: 1.10–7.01, respectively).
Conclusions
The program successfully increased the frequency of nurses providing
smoking cessation advice to patients. Readiness to deliver smoking cessation
counseling before the program and continuing self-efficacy after the program are
important for changing the behavior of nurses in delivering smoking cessation
counseling.
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