Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development
The immune response is critical in the maintenance of an organism’s health. The immune response can be broken down into two groups. The innate response, which is fast-acting and rids the body of most foreign material before infection occurs, and the adaptive response, a more specific defense against...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
|
| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/4/919 |
| _version_ | 1797571161075220480 |
|---|---|
| author | Justin K. Messex Crystal J. Byrd Geou-Yarh Liou |
| author_facet | Justin K. Messex Crystal J. Byrd Geou-Yarh Liou |
| author_sort | Justin K. Messex |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The immune response is critical in the maintenance of an organism’s health. The immune response can be broken down into two groups. The innate response, which is fast-acting and rids the body of most foreign material before infection occurs, and the adaptive response, a more specific defense against pathogen composed mostly of antibody production and killer cells. Linking the two responses via cytokine and chemokine secretion are macrophages, motile phagocytic cells that ingest and present foreign material playing a role in the innate and adaptive immune response. Although macrophages are necessary for the survival of an organism, studies have also shown macrophages play a more sinister role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis in tumorous cells. In this comprehensive review, we show how macrophages induce such a response through abnormal cellular signaling and creating a cellular microenvironment conducive for tumor growth and metastasis, as well as the future outlook of this field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:34:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f3e7b20363494aae9626ccf5f78d0b55 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:34:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-f3e7b20363494aae9626ccf5f78d0b552023-11-19T21:06:49ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-04-019491910.3390/cells9040919Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer DevelopmentJustin K. Messex0Crystal J. Byrd1Geou-Yarh Liou2Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USACenter for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USACenter for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USAThe immune response is critical in the maintenance of an organism’s health. The immune response can be broken down into two groups. The innate response, which is fast-acting and rids the body of most foreign material before infection occurs, and the adaptive response, a more specific defense against pathogen composed mostly of antibody production and killer cells. Linking the two responses via cytokine and chemokine secretion are macrophages, motile phagocytic cells that ingest and present foreign material playing a role in the innate and adaptive immune response. Although macrophages are necessary for the survival of an organism, studies have also shown macrophages play a more sinister role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis in tumorous cells. In this comprehensive review, we show how macrophages induce such a response through abnormal cellular signaling and creating a cellular microenvironment conducive for tumor growth and metastasis, as well as the future outlook of this field.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/4/919macrophagespolarizationcell signalingtranscription factorscytokinescancer initiation |
| spellingShingle | Justin K. Messex Crystal J. Byrd Geou-Yarh Liou Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development Cells macrophages polarization cell signaling transcription factors cytokines cancer initiation |
| title | Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development |
| title_full | Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development |
| title_fullStr | Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development |
| title_short | Signaling of Macrophages that Contours the Tumor Microenvironment for Promoting Cancer Development |
| title_sort | signaling of macrophages that contours the tumor microenvironment for promoting cancer development |
| topic | macrophages polarization cell signaling transcription factors cytokines cancer initiation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/4/919 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT justinkmessex signalingofmacrophagesthatcontoursthetumormicroenvironmentforpromotingcancerdevelopment AT crystaljbyrd signalingofmacrophagesthatcontoursthetumormicroenvironmentforpromotingcancerdevelopment AT geouyarhliou signalingofmacrophagesthatcontoursthetumormicroenvironmentforpromotingcancerdevelopment |