Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report

Although the infectious diseases tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcosis both cause formation of single or multiple nodules in immunodeficient hosts, cases of co-infection of these diseases are rarely seen. We report a patient who was co-infected with TB and cryptococcosis. A male patient with no clini...

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Main Authors: Jian-Kun Chen, Shu-Bin Cai, Qian Cai, Hang Qi, Ji-Qiang Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2018-07-01
Series:Journal of International Medical Research
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060518773239
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author Jian-Kun Chen
Shu-Bin Cai
Qian Cai
Hang Qi
Ji-Qiang Li
author_facet Jian-Kun Chen
Shu-Bin Cai
Qian Cai
Hang Qi
Ji-Qiang Li
author_sort Jian-Kun Chen
collection DOAJ
description Although the infectious diseases tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcosis both cause formation of single or multiple nodules in immunodeficient hosts, cases of co-infection of these diseases are rarely seen. We report a patient who was co-infected with TB and cryptococcosis. A male patient with no clinical evidence of immunodeficiency presented with a 3-week history of abdominal distension accompanied by oedema of recurring lower extremities. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculous peritonitis and tuberculous pleurisy by an abdominal puncture biopsy. Several months after being treated for TB, the patient was diagnosed with Cryptococcus infection and received antifungal treatment. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested that treatment was effective. This case illustrates the challenges encountered during assessment of neoplasms associated with TB and cryptococcosis. Differential diagnosis requires an abdominal puncture biopsy. Diagnosis of Cryptococcus infection also requires a positive cryptococcal culture and positive India ink staining analysis. Notably, our patient also showed no obvious symptoms of cryptococcosis after receiving anti-TB treatment. Accordingly, in this report, we discuss the possible pathogenic mechanisms that underlie the coincidence of both types of inflammatory lesions. We emphasize the need for a greater awareness of atypical presentations of TB accompanied by Cryptococcus infection.
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spelling doaj.art-f3f7b0d8435f419bb7b188fde73c65932022-12-21T18:25:49ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of International Medical Research0300-06051473-23002018-07-014610.1177/0300060518773239Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case reportJian-Kun ChenShu-Bin CaiQian CaiHang QiJi-Qiang LiAlthough the infectious diseases tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcosis both cause formation of single or multiple nodules in immunodeficient hosts, cases of co-infection of these diseases are rarely seen. We report a patient who was co-infected with TB and cryptococcosis. A male patient with no clinical evidence of immunodeficiency presented with a 3-week history of abdominal distension accompanied by oedema of recurring lower extremities. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculous peritonitis and tuberculous pleurisy by an abdominal puncture biopsy. Several months after being treated for TB, the patient was diagnosed with Cryptococcus infection and received antifungal treatment. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested that treatment was effective. This case illustrates the challenges encountered during assessment of neoplasms associated with TB and cryptococcosis. Differential diagnosis requires an abdominal puncture biopsy. Diagnosis of Cryptococcus infection also requires a positive cryptococcal culture and positive India ink staining analysis. Notably, our patient also showed no obvious symptoms of cryptococcosis after receiving anti-TB treatment. Accordingly, in this report, we discuss the possible pathogenic mechanisms that underlie the coincidence of both types of inflammatory lesions. We emphasize the need for a greater awareness of atypical presentations of TB accompanied by Cryptococcus infection.https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060518773239
spellingShingle Jian-Kun Chen
Shu-Bin Cai
Qian Cai
Hang Qi
Ji-Qiang Li
Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report
Journal of International Medical Research
title Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report
title_full Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report
title_fullStr Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report
title_full_unstemmed Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report
title_short Tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis: A case report
title_sort tuberculous peritonitis and pleurisy accompanied by pulmonary cryptococcosis a case report
url https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060518773239
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