Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers
We present a design methodology for hybrid lasers to realise mode-hop free operation by controlling the cavity mode spacing. In this study, a compact hybrid photonic crystal laser (H-PhCL) was employed which allowed a reduction of the Fabry–Perot length of the laser cavity and eliminated the need fo...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/8/848 |
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| author | Praveen K. J. Singaravelu Sharon M. Butler Robert N. Sheehan Alexandros A. Liles Stephen P. Hegarty Liam O’Faolain |
| author_facet | Praveen K. J. Singaravelu Sharon M. Butler Robert N. Sheehan Alexandros A. Liles Stephen P. Hegarty Liam O’Faolain |
| author_sort | Praveen K. J. Singaravelu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present a design methodology for hybrid lasers to realise mode-hop free operation by controlling the cavity mode spacing. In this study, a compact hybrid photonic crystal laser (H-PhCL) was employed which allowed a reduction of the Fabry–Perot length of the laser cavity and eliminated the need for an active mode stabilisation mechanism in order to realise mode-hop free operation. The H-PhCL was formed by butt-coupling a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) with a two-dimensional silicon (Si) photonic crystal (PhC) cavity. Continuous stable single frequency operation with >40 dB side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of the laser was achieved for gain currents of up to 100 mA, i.e., up to four times the threshold current. The shorter length of the laser cavity enabled single frequency operation due to the selection of a single longitudinal mode by the PhC narrowband reflector. Various longitudinal mode spacing regimes were studied to explain the mode-hop free characteristics of the H-PhCL. The proposed hybrid laser design methodologies can be adapted to eliminate mode-hopping in laser wavelength. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:55:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4079683babf488f82fbe83e9907d7bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:55:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4079683babf488f82fbe83e9907d7bf2023-11-22T07:15:51ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-07-0111884810.3390/cryst11080848Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal LasersPraveen K. J. Singaravelu0Sharon M. Butler1Robert N. Sheehan2Alexandros A. Liles3Stephen P. Hegarty4Liam O’Faolain5Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, IrelandCentre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, IrelandPhysics Department, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, IrelandINTEC, imec—UGent, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumCentre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, IrelandCentre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, IrelandWe present a design methodology for hybrid lasers to realise mode-hop free operation by controlling the cavity mode spacing. In this study, a compact hybrid photonic crystal laser (H-PhCL) was employed which allowed a reduction of the Fabry–Perot length of the laser cavity and eliminated the need for an active mode stabilisation mechanism in order to realise mode-hop free operation. The H-PhCL was formed by butt-coupling a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) with a two-dimensional silicon (Si) photonic crystal (PhC) cavity. Continuous stable single frequency operation with >40 dB side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of the laser was achieved for gain currents of up to 100 mA, i.e., up to four times the threshold current. The shorter length of the laser cavity enabled single frequency operation due to the selection of a single longitudinal mode by the PhC narrowband reflector. Various longitudinal mode spacing regimes were studied to explain the mode-hop free characteristics of the H-PhCL. The proposed hybrid laser design methodologies can be adapted to eliminate mode-hopping in laser wavelength.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/8/848III–V/Si hybrid lasersphotonic crystal laserslaser cavity design |
| spellingShingle | Praveen K. J. Singaravelu Sharon M. Butler Robert N. Sheehan Alexandros A. Liles Stephen P. Hegarty Liam O’Faolain Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers Crystals III–V/Si hybrid lasers photonic crystal lasers laser cavity design |
| title | Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers |
| title_full | Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers |
| title_fullStr | Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers |
| title_short | Study of the Effects of Cavity Mode Spacing on Mode-Hopping in III–V/Si Hybrid Photonic Crystal Lasers |
| title_sort | study of the effects of cavity mode spacing on mode hopping in iii v si hybrid photonic crystal lasers |
| topic | III–V/Si hybrid lasers photonic crystal lasers laser cavity design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/8/848 |
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