Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks
BackgroundAs part of the public health outbreak investigations, serological surveys were carried out following two COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020 and October 2020 in one long term care facility (LTCF) in British Columbia, Canada. This study describes the serostatus of the LTCF residents and monito...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.775420/full |
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| author | Guadalein Tanunliong Aaron Liu Rohit Vijh Rohit Vijh Tamara Pidduck Jesse Kustra Ana Citlali Márquez Alexandra Choi Meghan McLennan Althea Hayden Christy Kearney Soren Gantt Mel Krajden Mel Krajden Muhammad Morshed Muhammad Morshed Agatha N. Jassem Agatha N. Jassem Inna Sekirov Inna Sekirov |
| author_facet | Guadalein Tanunliong Aaron Liu Rohit Vijh Rohit Vijh Tamara Pidduck Jesse Kustra Ana Citlali Márquez Alexandra Choi Meghan McLennan Althea Hayden Christy Kearney Soren Gantt Mel Krajden Mel Krajden Muhammad Morshed Muhammad Morshed Agatha N. Jassem Agatha N. Jassem Inna Sekirov Inna Sekirov |
| author_sort | Guadalein Tanunliong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAs part of the public health outbreak investigations, serological surveys were carried out following two COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020 and October 2020 in one long term care facility (LTCF) in British Columbia, Canada. This study describes the serostatus of the LTCF residents and monitors changes in their humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses (HCoV) over seven months.MethodsA total of 132 serum samples were collected from all 106 consenting residents (aged 54-102) post-first outbreak (N=87) and post-second outbreak (N=45) in one LTCF; 26/106 participants provided their serum following both COVID-19 outbreaks, permitting longitudinal comparisons between surveys. Health-Canada approved commercial serologic tests and a pan-coronavirus multiplexed immunoassay were used to evaluate antibody levels against the spike protein, nucleocapsid, and receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the spike proteins of HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43. Statistical analyses were performed to describe the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 among residents longitudinally.FindingsSurvey findings demonstrated that among the 26 individuals that participated in both surveys, all 10 individuals seropositive after the first outbreak continued to be seropositive following the second outbreak, with no reinfections identified among them. SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in the second outbreak was lower (28.6%) than in the first outbreak (40.2%), though not statistically significant (P>0.05). Gradual waning of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was observed on commercial (median Δ=-3.7, P=0.0098) and multiplexed immunoassay (median Δ=-169579, P=0.014) platforms; however, anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies did not exhibit a statistically significant decline over 7 months. Elevated antibody levels for beta-HCoVs OC43 (P<0.0001) and HKU1 (P=0.0027) were observed among individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 compared to seronegative individuals.ConclusionOur study utilized well-validated serological platforms to demonstrate that humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 persisted for at least 7 months. Elevated OC43 and HKU1 antibodies among SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals may be attributed to cross reaction and/or boosting of humoral response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:40:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f423b5db1ec042e698870e5b76f16713 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T00:40:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f423b5db1ec042e698870e5b76f167132022-12-21T18:44:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-01-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.775420775420Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 OutbreaksGuadalein Tanunliong0Aaron Liu1Rohit Vijh2Rohit Vijh3Tamara Pidduck4Jesse Kustra5Ana Citlali Márquez6Alexandra Choi7Meghan McLennan8Althea Hayden9Christy Kearney10Soren Gantt11Mel Krajden12Mel Krajden13Muhammad Morshed14Muhammad Morshed15Agatha N. Jassem16Agatha N. Jassem17Inna Sekirov18Inna Sekirov19Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaOffice of the Chief Medical Health Officer, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, CanadaSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaOffice of the Chief Medical Health Officer, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaOffice of the Chief Medical Health Officer, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, CanadaHaro Park Centre, Vancouver, BC, CanadaCentre de Recherche de Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBritish Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, BC, CanadaBackgroundAs part of the public health outbreak investigations, serological surveys were carried out following two COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020 and October 2020 in one long term care facility (LTCF) in British Columbia, Canada. This study describes the serostatus of the LTCF residents and monitors changes in their humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses (HCoV) over seven months.MethodsA total of 132 serum samples were collected from all 106 consenting residents (aged 54-102) post-first outbreak (N=87) and post-second outbreak (N=45) in one LTCF; 26/106 participants provided their serum following both COVID-19 outbreaks, permitting longitudinal comparisons between surveys. Health-Canada approved commercial serologic tests and a pan-coronavirus multiplexed immunoassay were used to evaluate antibody levels against the spike protein, nucleocapsid, and receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the spike proteins of HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43. Statistical analyses were performed to describe the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 among residents longitudinally.FindingsSurvey findings demonstrated that among the 26 individuals that participated in both surveys, all 10 individuals seropositive after the first outbreak continued to be seropositive following the second outbreak, with no reinfections identified among them. SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in the second outbreak was lower (28.6%) than in the first outbreak (40.2%), though not statistically significant (P>0.05). Gradual waning of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was observed on commercial (median Δ=-3.7, P=0.0098) and multiplexed immunoassay (median Δ=-169579, P=0.014) platforms; however, anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies did not exhibit a statistically significant decline over 7 months. Elevated antibody levels for beta-HCoVs OC43 (P<0.0001) and HKU1 (P=0.0027) were observed among individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 compared to seronegative individuals.ConclusionOur study utilized well-validated serological platforms to demonstrate that humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 persisted for at least 7 months. Elevated OC43 and HKU1 antibodies among SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals may be attributed to cross reaction and/or boosting of humoral response.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.775420/fullSARS-CoV-2COVID-19serologic testingoutbreak investigationhumoral immune responselong term care facilities |
| spellingShingle | Guadalein Tanunliong Aaron Liu Rohit Vijh Rohit Vijh Tamara Pidduck Jesse Kustra Ana Citlali Márquez Alexandra Choi Meghan McLennan Althea Hayden Christy Kearney Soren Gantt Mel Krajden Mel Krajden Muhammad Morshed Muhammad Morshed Agatha N. Jassem Agatha N. Jassem Inna Sekirov Inna Sekirov Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks Frontiers in Immunology SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 serologic testing outbreak investigation humoral immune response long term care facilities |
| title | Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks |
| title_full | Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks |
| title_fullStr | Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks |
| title_short | Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Long Term Care Residents Over Seven Months After Two COVID-19 Outbreaks |
| title_sort | persistence of anti sars cov 2 antibodies in long term care residents over seven months after two covid 19 outbreaks |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 serologic testing outbreak investigation humoral immune response long term care facilities |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.775420/full |
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