Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State
Molar balances of continuous and batch reacting systems with a simple reaction are analyzed from the point of view of finding relationships between the thermodynamic driving force and the chemical reaction rate. Special attention is focused on the steady state, which has been the core subject of pre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/3/699 |
| _version_ | 1818287569701437440 |
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| author | Miloslav Pekař |
| author_facet | Miloslav Pekař |
| author_sort | Miloslav Pekař |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molar balances of continuous and batch reacting systems with a simple reaction are analyzed from the point of view of finding relationships between the thermodynamic driving force and the chemical reaction rate. Special attention is focused on the steady state, which has been the core subject of previous similar work. It is argued that such relationships should also contain, besides the thermodynamic driving force, a kinetic factor, and are of a specific form for a specific reacting system. More general analysis is provided by means of the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of linear fluid mixtures. Then, the driving force can be expressed either in the Gibbs energy (affinity) form or on the basis of chemical potentials. The relationships can be generally interpreted in terms of force, resistance and flux. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:42:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f425810bd3b940ef9521213d9bfde646 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:42:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f425810bd3b940ef9521213d9bfde6462022-12-22T00:03:43ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-02-0125369910.3390/molecules25030699molecules25030699Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady StateMiloslav Pekař0Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech RepublicMolar balances of continuous and batch reacting systems with a simple reaction are analyzed from the point of view of finding relationships between the thermodynamic driving force and the chemical reaction rate. Special attention is focused on the steady state, which has been the core subject of previous similar work. It is argued that such relationships should also contain, besides the thermodynamic driving force, a kinetic factor, and are of a specific form for a specific reacting system. More general analysis is provided by means of the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of linear fluid mixtures. Then, the driving force can be expressed either in the Gibbs energy (affinity) form or on the basis of chemical potentials. The relationships can be generally interpreted in terms of force, resistance and flux.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/3/699chemical kineticschemical thermodynamicsdriving forcereaction fluxreaction rate |
| spellingShingle | Miloslav Pekař Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State Molecules chemical kinetics chemical thermodynamics driving force reaction flux reaction rate |
| title | Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State |
| title_full | Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State |
| title_fullStr | Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State |
| title_short | Thermodynamic Driving Forces and Chemical Reaction Fluxes; Reflections on the Steady State |
| title_sort | thermodynamic driving forces and chemical reaction fluxes reflections on the steady state |
| topic | chemical kinetics chemical thermodynamics driving force reaction flux reaction rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/3/699 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT miloslavpekar thermodynamicdrivingforcesandchemicalreactionfluxesreflectionsonthesteadystate |