Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis
The interest of the steel industry in utilizing bio-coal (pre-treated biomass) as CO<sub>2</sub>-neutral carbon in iron-making is increasing due to the need to reduce fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emission. In order to select a suitable bio-coal to be contained in agglomerates with i...
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/168 |
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| author | Asmaa A. El-Tawil Hesham M. Ahmed Lena Sundqvist Ökvist Bo Björkman |
| author_facet | Asmaa A. El-Tawil Hesham M. Ahmed Lena Sundqvist Ökvist Bo Björkman |
| author_sort | Asmaa A. El-Tawil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interest of the steel industry in utilizing bio-coal (pre-treated biomass) as CO<sub>2</sub>-neutral carbon in iron-making is increasing due to the need to reduce fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emission. In order to select a suitable bio-coal to be contained in agglomerates with iron oxide, the current study aims at investigating the thermal devolatilization of different bio-coals. A thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) was used to monitor the weight loss and off-gases during non-isothermal tests with bio-coals having different contents of volatile matter. The samples were heated in an inert atmosphere to 1200 °C at three different heating rates: 5, 10, and 15 °C/min. H<sub>2</sub>, CO, and hydrocarbons that may contribute to the reduction of iron oxide if contained in the self-reducing composite were detected by QMS. To explore the devolatilization behavior for different materials, the thermogravimetric data were evaluated by using the Kissinger⁻ Akahira⁻Sonuse (KAS) iso-conversional model. The activation energy was determined as a function of the conversion degree. Bio-coals with both low and high volatile content could produce reducing gases that can contribute to the reduction of iron oxide in bio-agglomerates and hot metal quality in the sustained blast furnace process. However, bio-coals containing significant amounts of CaO and K<sub>2</sub>O enhanced the devolatilization and released the volatiles at lower temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:43:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f426fa5d48de4fa8ad689fa4219a3937 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:43:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f426fa5d48de4fa8ad689fa4219a39372022-12-22T01:10:33ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012019-02-019216810.3390/met9020168met9020168Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric AnalysisAsmaa A. El-Tawil0Hesham M. Ahmed1Lena Sundqvist Ökvist2Bo Björkman3MiMeR, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, SwedenMiMeR, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, SwedenMiMeR, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, SwedenMiMeR, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, SwedenThe interest of the steel industry in utilizing bio-coal (pre-treated biomass) as CO<sub>2</sub>-neutral carbon in iron-making is increasing due to the need to reduce fossil CO<sub>2</sub> emission. In order to select a suitable bio-coal to be contained in agglomerates with iron oxide, the current study aims at investigating the thermal devolatilization of different bio-coals. A thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) was used to monitor the weight loss and off-gases during non-isothermal tests with bio-coals having different contents of volatile matter. The samples were heated in an inert atmosphere to 1200 °C at three different heating rates: 5, 10, and 15 °C/min. H<sub>2</sub>, CO, and hydrocarbons that may contribute to the reduction of iron oxide if contained in the self-reducing composite were detected by QMS. To explore the devolatilization behavior for different materials, the thermogravimetric data were evaluated by using the Kissinger⁻ Akahira⁻Sonuse (KAS) iso-conversional model. The activation energy was determined as a function of the conversion degree. Bio-coals with both low and high volatile content could produce reducing gases that can contribute to the reduction of iron oxide in bio-agglomerates and hot metal quality in the sustained blast furnace process. However, bio-coals containing significant amounts of CaO and K<sub>2</sub>O enhanced the devolatilization and released the volatiles at lower temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/168devolatilizationtorrefied biomassbio-coalvolatile matteriso-conversional method |
| spellingShingle | Asmaa A. El-Tawil Hesham M. Ahmed Lena Sundqvist Ökvist Bo Björkman Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis Metals devolatilization torrefied biomass bio-coal volatile matter iso-conversional method |
| title | Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis |
| title_full | Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis |
| title_short | Devolatilization Kinetics of Different Types of Bio-Coals Using Thermogravimetric Analysis |
| title_sort | devolatilization kinetics of different types of bio coals using thermogravimetric analysis |
| topic | devolatilization torrefied biomass bio-coal volatile matter iso-conversional method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/168 |
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