The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways
Currently, the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [HBV-HCC] relies on blunt tools that are unable to offer effective therapy for later stage pathogenesis. The potential of miRNA to treat HBV-HCC offer a more targeted approach to managing this lethal carcin...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/746 |
| _version_ | 1797562778280525824 |
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| author | Kurt Sartorius Leo Swadling Ping An Julia Makarova Cheryl Winkler Anil Chuturgoon Anna Kramvis |
| author_facet | Kurt Sartorius Leo Swadling Ping An Julia Makarova Cheryl Winkler Anil Chuturgoon Anna Kramvis |
| author_sort | Kurt Sartorius |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Currently, the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [HBV-HCC] relies on blunt tools that are unable to offer effective therapy for later stage pathogenesis. The potential of miRNA to treat HBV-HCC offer a more targeted approach to managing this lethal carcinoma; however, the complexity of miRNA as an ancillary regulator of the immune system remains poorly understood. This review examines the overlapping roles of HBx-dysregulated miRNA in HBV-HCC and immune pathways and seeks to demonstrate that specific miRNA response in immune cells is not independent of their expression in hepatocytes. This interplay between the two pathways may provide us with the possibility of using candidate miRNA to manipulate this interaction as a potential therapeutic option. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:33:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4281b729235463ba67ce88383685810 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:33:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4281b729235463ba67ce883836858102023-11-20T06:27:49ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-07-0112774610.3390/v12070746The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune PathwaysKurt Sartorius0Leo Swadling1Ping An2Julia Makarova3Cheryl Winkler4Anil Chuturgoon5Anna Kramvis6Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South AfricaDivision of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UKBasic Research Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick Nat. Lab. for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20878, USANational Research University Higher School of Economics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, 10100 Moscow, RussiaBasic Research Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick Nat. Lab. for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20878, USADepartment of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South AfricaHepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South AfricaCurrently, the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [HBV-HCC] relies on blunt tools that are unable to offer effective therapy for later stage pathogenesis. The potential of miRNA to treat HBV-HCC offer a more targeted approach to managing this lethal carcinoma; however, the complexity of miRNA as an ancillary regulator of the immune system remains poorly understood. This review examines the overlapping roles of HBx-dysregulated miRNA in HBV-HCC and immune pathways and seeks to demonstrate that specific miRNA response in immune cells is not independent of their expression in hepatocytes. This interplay between the two pathways may provide us with the possibility of using candidate miRNA to manipulate this interaction as a potential therapeutic option.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/746hepatitis B virusHBx proteindysregulatedmicroRNAhepatocellular carcinoma |
| spellingShingle | Kurt Sartorius Leo Swadling Ping An Julia Makarova Cheryl Winkler Anil Chuturgoon Anna Kramvis The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways Viruses hepatitis B virus HBx protein dysregulated microRNA hepatocellular carcinoma |
| title | The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways |
| title_full | The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways |
| title_fullStr | The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways |
| title_short | The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways |
| title_sort | multiple roles of hepatitis b virus x protein hbx dysregulated microrna in hepatitis b virus associated hepatocellular carcinoma hbv hcc and immune pathways |
| topic | hepatitis B virus HBx protein dysregulated microRNA hepatocellular carcinoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/746 |
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