Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with a hydrophobic aromatic ring structure offer a promising pretreatment method for the selective delignification of lignocellulosic biomass, thereby enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. Further investigation is needed to determine whether the increased presence of aromatic...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/11/981 |
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| author | Biying Li Ziqi Qiu Jiale Huang Xiaoling Xian Xiaojie Zheng Xiaoqing Lin |
| author_facet | Biying Li Ziqi Qiu Jiale Huang Xiaoling Xian Xiaojie Zheng Xiaoqing Lin |
| author_sort | Biying Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with a hydrophobic aromatic ring structure offer a promising pretreatment method for the selective delignification of lignocellulosic biomass, thereby enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. Further investigation is needed to determine whether the increased presence of aromatic rings in hydrogen bond receptors leads to a more pronounced enhancement of lignin removal. In this study, six DES systems were prepared using lactic acid (LA)/acetic acid (AA)/levulinic acid (LEA) as hydrogen bond donors (HBD), along with two independent hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) (benzyl triethyl ammonium chloride (TEBAC)/benzyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride (BPP)) to evaluate their ability to break down sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The pretreatment of the SCB (raw material) was carried out with the above DESs at 120 °C for 90 min with a solid–liquid ratio of 1:15. The results indicated that an increase in the number of aromatic rings may result in steric hindrance during DES pretreatment, potentially diminishing the efficacy of delignification. Notably, the use of the TEBAC:LA-based DES under mild operating conditions proved highly efficient in lignin removal, achieving 85.33 ± 0.52% for lignin removal and 98.67 ± 2.84% for cellulose recovery, respectively. The maximum digestibilities of glucan (56.85 ± 0.73%) and xylan (66.41 ± 3.06%) were attained after TEBAC:LA pretreatment. Furthermore, the maximum ethanol concentration and productivity attained from TEBAC:LA-based DES-pretreated SCB were 24.50 g/L and 0.68 g/(L·h), respectively. Finally, the comprehensive structural analyses of SCB, employing X-rays, FT-IR, and SEM techniques, provided valuable insights into the deconstruction process facilitated by different combinations of HBDs and HBAs within the DES pretreatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:51:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:51:22Z |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4378a06c05444ae866a459ec25c62352023-11-24T14:41:26ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372023-11-0191198110.3390/fermentation9110981Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol ProductionBiying Li0Ziqi Qiu1Jiale Huang2Xiaoling Xian3Xiaojie Zheng4Xiaoqing Lin5School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) with a hydrophobic aromatic ring structure offer a promising pretreatment method for the selective delignification of lignocellulosic biomass, thereby enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. Further investigation is needed to determine whether the increased presence of aromatic rings in hydrogen bond receptors leads to a more pronounced enhancement of lignin removal. In this study, six DES systems were prepared using lactic acid (LA)/acetic acid (AA)/levulinic acid (LEA) as hydrogen bond donors (HBD), along with two independent hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) (benzyl triethyl ammonium chloride (TEBAC)/benzyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride (BPP)) to evaluate their ability to break down sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The pretreatment of the SCB (raw material) was carried out with the above DESs at 120 °C for 90 min with a solid–liquid ratio of 1:15. The results indicated that an increase in the number of aromatic rings may result in steric hindrance during DES pretreatment, potentially diminishing the efficacy of delignification. Notably, the use of the TEBAC:LA-based DES under mild operating conditions proved highly efficient in lignin removal, achieving 85.33 ± 0.52% for lignin removal and 98.67 ± 2.84% for cellulose recovery, respectively. The maximum digestibilities of glucan (56.85 ± 0.73%) and xylan (66.41 ± 3.06%) were attained after TEBAC:LA pretreatment. Furthermore, the maximum ethanol concentration and productivity attained from TEBAC:LA-based DES-pretreated SCB were 24.50 g/L and 0.68 g/(L·h), respectively. Finally, the comprehensive structural analyses of SCB, employing X-rays, FT-IR, and SEM techniques, provided valuable insights into the deconstruction process facilitated by different combinations of HBDs and HBAs within the DES pretreatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/11/981aromatic ring quaternary ammonium and phosphonium saltssugarcane bagassecarboxylic acidsdeep eutectic solventspretreatment |
| spellingShingle | Biying Li Ziqi Qiu Jiale Huang Xiaoling Xian Xiaojie Zheng Xiaoqing Lin Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production Fermentation aromatic ring quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts sugarcane bagasse carboxylic acids deep eutectic solvents pretreatment |
| title | Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production |
| title_full | Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production |
| title_fullStr | Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production |
| title_short | Application of Aromatic Ring Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts–Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, and Cellulosic Ethanol Production |
| title_sort | application of aromatic ring quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts carboxylic acids based deep eutectic solvent for enhanced sugarcane bagasse pretreatment enzymatic hydrolysis and cellulosic ethanol production |
| topic | aromatic ring quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts sugarcane bagasse carboxylic acids deep eutectic solvents pretreatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/11/981 |
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