Acute Kidney Injury with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pediatric Patients Receiving High-Dose Methotrexate Chemotherapy: A Report of Three Cases

Background. Methotrexate is renally excreted. HDMTX (high dose-methotrexate)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a non-oliguric decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) heralded by an acute rise in serum creatinine. Moreover, AKI is also a frequent complication of COVID-19. Among our patients t...

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Main Authors: Olga Nigro, Cristina Meazza, Elisabetta Schiavello, Veronica Biassoni, Nadia Puma, Luca Bergamaschi, Giovanna Gattuso, Giovanna Sironi, Virginia Livellara, Gabriele Papagni, Maura Massimino
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-02-01
Series:Children
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/2/331
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Summary:Background. Methotrexate is renally excreted. HDMTX (high dose-methotrexate)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a non-oliguric decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) heralded by an acute rise in serum creatinine. Moreover, AKI is also a frequent complication of COVID-19. Among our patients treated with HDMTX, some of these developed AKI during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, we wondered whether our patients’ kidney failure might have been triggered by their underlying SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Methods. Data were collected from the database at the Pediatric Oncology Unit of the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milan (Italy) regarding patients who matched the following selective criteria: (a) treatment with HDMTX during the pandemic period; (b) SARS-CoV-2 infection during the treatment; (c) development of AKI during HDMTX treatment and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results. From March 2020 to March 2022, a total of 23 patients were treated with HDMTX; 3 patients were treated with HDMTX during SARS-CoV-2 infection and all 3 developed AKI. Conclusions. Clinical manifestations associated with this virus are many, so we are not yet able to lower our guard and rule out this infection as a cause of clinical manifestations with any certainty.
ISSN:2227-9067