Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer
Many nutrient mitigation best management practices (BMP) are promoted by state and federal agencies to protect water quality from animal agriculture. The measured effectiveness of these is highly variable in the research literature. Here, we establish pre- and post-BMP monitoring to evaluate the eff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00071/full |
| _version_ | 1818200055645995008 |
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| author | Christine B. Georgakakos Chelsea K. Morris M. Todd Walter |
| author_facet | Christine B. Georgakakos Chelsea K. Morris M. Todd Walter |
| author_sort | Christine B. Georgakakos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many nutrient mitigation best management practices (BMP) are promoted by state and federal agencies to protect water quality from animal agriculture. The measured effectiveness of these is highly variable in the research literature. Here, we establish pre- and post-BMP monitoring to evaluate the effectiveness of fencing out cattle from the riparian zone on water quality, specifically, phosphorus (P) loads and concentrations. We collected water samples year-round both before and after a cattle exclusion was established at a small mixed dairy and beef cattle pasture where cattle have historically grazed with unrestricted access to first and second order streams, and analyzed for soluble reactive and total P. Immediately after fence construction, we observed a significant reduction in total P in the stream but not in soluble reactive P. We also observed the development of new runoff source areas and short-circuiting of the riparian buffer as well as repeated presence of cows in the fenced-out area, all of which may diminish the potential effectiveness of this practice. Because BMPs will perform uniquely given climate and landscape position and how managers maintain them, we suggest the need for more nuanced guidance for future BMP designs to ensure successful outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T02:31:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f44aa735f8d34232a1dc93723cec8d88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T02:31:35Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f44aa735f8d34232a1dc93723cec8d882022-12-22T00:41:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2018-07-01610.3389/fenvs.2018.00071382368Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian BufferChristine B. GeorgakakosChelsea K. MorrisM. Todd WalterMany nutrient mitigation best management practices (BMP) are promoted by state and federal agencies to protect water quality from animal agriculture. The measured effectiveness of these is highly variable in the research literature. Here, we establish pre- and post-BMP monitoring to evaluate the effectiveness of fencing out cattle from the riparian zone on water quality, specifically, phosphorus (P) loads and concentrations. We collected water samples year-round both before and after a cattle exclusion was established at a small mixed dairy and beef cattle pasture where cattle have historically grazed with unrestricted access to first and second order streams, and analyzed for soluble reactive and total P. Immediately after fence construction, we observed a significant reduction in total P in the stream but not in soluble reactive P. We also observed the development of new runoff source areas and short-circuiting of the riparian buffer as well as repeated presence of cows in the fenced-out area, all of which may diminish the potential effectiveness of this practice. Because BMPs will perform uniquely given climate and landscape position and how managers maintain them, we suggest the need for more nuanced guidance for future BMP designs to ensure successful outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00071/fulltotal phosphorussoluble reactive phosphorustotal suspended solidsriparian buffercattle exclusionbest management practice |
| spellingShingle | Christine B. Georgakakos Chelsea K. Morris M. Todd Walter Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer Frontiers in Environmental Science total phosphorus soluble reactive phosphorus total suspended solids riparian buffer cattle exclusion best management practice |
| title | Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer |
| title_full | Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer |
| title_fullStr | Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer |
| title_short | Challenges and Opportunities With On-Farm Research: Total and Soluble Reactive Stream Phosphorus Before and After Implementation of a Cattle-Exclusion, Riparian Buffer |
| title_sort | challenges and opportunities with on farm research total and soluble reactive stream phosphorus before and after implementation of a cattle exclusion riparian buffer |
| topic | total phosphorus soluble reactive phosphorus total suspended solids riparian buffer cattle exclusion best management practice |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00071/full |
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