Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic influenced emotional experiences globally. We examined daily positive and negative affect between May/June 2020 and February 2021 (N = 151,049; 3,509,982 observations) using a convenience sample from a national mobile application-based survey that asked for daily affect reports...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239123/full |
| _version_ | 1797362512541253632 |
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| author | Zorana Ivcevic Shuting Shen Shengjie Lin David Cheng Ryan Probasco Ben Silbermann Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Xihong Lin Xihong Lin Xihong Lin Marc Brackett |
| author_facet | Zorana Ivcevic Shuting Shen Shengjie Lin David Cheng Ryan Probasco Ben Silbermann Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Xihong Lin Xihong Lin Xihong Lin Marc Brackett |
| author_sort | Zorana Ivcevic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic influenced emotional experiences globally. We examined daily positive and negative affect between May/June 2020 and February 2021 (N = 151,049; 3,509,982 observations) using a convenience sample from a national mobile application-based survey that asked for daily affect reports. Four questions were examined: (1) How did people in the United States feel from May/June 2020 to February 2021?; (2) What demographic variables are related to positive and negative affect?; (3) What is the relationship between experienced stressors and daily affect?; and (4) What is the relationship between daily affect and preventive behavior? Positive affect increased, and negative decreased over time. Demographic differences mirrored those from before the pandemic (e.g., younger participants reported more negative and less positive affect). Stressors such as feeling unwell, experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, exposure to COVID-19, and lack of sleep were associated with less positive and more negative affect. Exercising protective behaviors predicted future affect, and affect also predicted future protective behaviors (e.g., less protective behavior when happy but more when grateful and thoughtful). The implications for public health communication were discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:07:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f49a82ed65424370a3c14dc997698272 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:07:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f49a82ed65424370a3c14dc9976982722024-01-08T04:49:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782024-01-011410.3389/fpsyg.2023.12391231239123Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemicZorana Ivcevic0Shuting Shen1Shengjie Lin2David Cheng3Ryan Probasco4Ben Silbermann5Feng Zhang6Feng Zhang7Feng Zhang8Feng Zhang9Xihong Lin10Xihong Lin11Xihong Lin12Marc Brackett13Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, New Haven, CT, United StatesDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United StatesYale Center for Emotional Intelligence, New Haven, CT, United StatesThe How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United StatesThe How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United StatesThe How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United StatesThe How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United StatesBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Biological Engineering, McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesHoward Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD, United StatesDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United StatesThe How We Feel Project, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United StatesYale Center for Emotional Intelligence, New Haven, CT, United StatesThe COVID-19 pandemic influenced emotional experiences globally. We examined daily positive and negative affect between May/June 2020 and February 2021 (N = 151,049; 3,509,982 observations) using a convenience sample from a national mobile application-based survey that asked for daily affect reports. Four questions were examined: (1) How did people in the United States feel from May/June 2020 to February 2021?; (2) What demographic variables are related to positive and negative affect?; (3) What is the relationship between experienced stressors and daily affect?; and (4) What is the relationship between daily affect and preventive behavior? Positive affect increased, and negative decreased over time. Demographic differences mirrored those from before the pandemic (e.g., younger participants reported more negative and less positive affect). Stressors such as feeling unwell, experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, exposure to COVID-19, and lack of sleep were associated with less positive and more negative affect. Exercising protective behaviors predicted future affect, and affect also predicted future protective behaviors (e.g., less protective behavior when happy but more when grateful and thoughtful). The implications for public health communication were discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239123/fullpositive affectnegative affectCOVID-19 pandemicdemographic differencesstressorsprotective behavior |
| spellingShingle | Zorana Ivcevic Shuting Shen Shengjie Lin David Cheng Ryan Probasco Ben Silbermann Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Xihong Lin Xihong Lin Xihong Lin Marc Brackett Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic Frontiers in Psychology positive affect negative affect COVID-19 pandemic demographic differences stressors protective behavior |
| title | Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_full | Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_short | Daily positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| title_sort | daily positive and negative affect during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | positive affect negative affect COVID-19 pandemic demographic differences stressors protective behavior |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239123/full |
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