A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement
The high noise of pseudorange and the ambiguity of carrier phase observation restrain the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) application in military, industrial, and agricultural, to name a few. Thus, it is crucial for GNSS technology to integrate the pseudorange and carrier phase observation...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1762 |
| _version_ | 1797566700306038784 |
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| author | Fangchao Li Jingxiang Gao Panos Psimoulis Xiaolin Meng Fuyang Ke |
| author_facet | Fangchao Li Jingxiang Gao Panos Psimoulis Xiaolin Meng Fuyang Ke |
| author_sort | Fangchao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The high noise of pseudorange and the ambiguity of carrier phase observation restrain the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) application in military, industrial, and agricultural, to name a few. Thus, it is crucial for GNSS technology to integrate the pseudorange and carrier phase observations. However, the traditional method proposed by Hatch has obtained only a low convergence speed and precision. For higher convergence speed and precision of the smoothed pseudorange, aiming to improve positioning accuracy and expand the application of GNSS, we introduced a new method named MELS (Multi-Epochs Least-Squares) that considered the cross-correlation of the estimating parameters inspired by DELS (Double-Epochs Least-Square). In this study, the ionospheric delay was compensated, and so its impact was limited to the performance of the filters, and then exploited the various filters to integrate carrier phase observation and pseudorange. We compared the various types of Hatch’s filter and LS (Least-Square) methods using simulation datasets, which confirmed that the types of LS method provided a smaller residual error and a faster convergence speed than Hatch’s method under various precisions of raw pseudorange. The experimental results from the measured GNSS data showed that LS methods provided better performance than Hatch’s methods at E and U directions and a lower accuracy at N direction. Nevertheless, the types of LS method and Hatch’s methods improved about 12% and 9–10% at the 3D direction, respectively, which illustrated the accumulating improvement at the enhanced directions was more than the decreased direction, proving that the types of LS method resulted to better performance than the Hatch’s filters. Additionally, the curve of residual and precision based on various LS methods illustrated that the MELS only provided a millimeter accuracy difference compared with DELS, which was proved by the simulated and measured GNSS datasets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:30:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4a1e6ad6db643a790e38dbd41c1af19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:30:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4a1e6ad6db643a790e38dbd41c1af192023-11-20T02:13:05ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922020-05-011211176210.3390/rs12111762A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS MeasurementFangchao Li0Jingxiang Gao1Panos Psimoulis2Xiaolin Meng3Fuyang Ke4MNR Key Laboratory of Land Environment and Disaster Monitoring, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaMNR Key Laboratory of Land Environment and Disaster Monitoring, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaNottingham Geospatial Institute, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UKNottingham Geospatial Institute, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UKSchool of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaThe high noise of pseudorange and the ambiguity of carrier phase observation restrain the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) application in military, industrial, and agricultural, to name a few. Thus, it is crucial for GNSS technology to integrate the pseudorange and carrier phase observations. However, the traditional method proposed by Hatch has obtained only a low convergence speed and precision. For higher convergence speed and precision of the smoothed pseudorange, aiming to improve positioning accuracy and expand the application of GNSS, we introduced a new method named MELS (Multi-Epochs Least-Squares) that considered the cross-correlation of the estimating parameters inspired by DELS (Double-Epochs Least-Square). In this study, the ionospheric delay was compensated, and so its impact was limited to the performance of the filters, and then exploited the various filters to integrate carrier phase observation and pseudorange. We compared the various types of Hatch’s filter and LS (Least-Square) methods using simulation datasets, which confirmed that the types of LS method provided a smaller residual error and a faster convergence speed than Hatch’s method under various precisions of raw pseudorange. The experimental results from the measured GNSS data showed that LS methods provided better performance than Hatch’s methods at E and U directions and a lower accuracy at N direction. Nevertheless, the types of LS method and Hatch’s methods improved about 12% and 9–10% at the 3D direction, respectively, which illustrated the accumulating improvement at the enhanced directions was more than the decreased direction, proving that the types of LS method resulted to better performance than the Hatch’s filters. Additionally, the curve of residual and precision based on various LS methods illustrated that the MELS only provided a millimeter accuracy difference compared with DELS, which was proved by the simulated and measured GNSS datasets.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1762GNSSMELSresidual errorconvergence speed |
| spellingShingle | Fangchao Li Jingxiang Gao Panos Psimoulis Xiaolin Meng Fuyang Ke A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement Remote Sensing GNSS MELS residual error convergence speed |
| title | A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement |
| title_full | A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement |
| title_short | A Novel Dynamical Filter Based on Multi-Epochs Least-Squares to Integrate the Carrier Phase and Pseudorange Observation for GNSS Measurement |
| title_sort | novel dynamical filter based on multi epochs least squares to integrate the carrier phase and pseudorange observation for gnss measurement |
| topic | GNSS MELS residual error convergence speed |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1762 |
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