Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning
As energy utilities implement climate change mitigation policies, system planners require strategies for achieving affordable emissions reductions. Coordinated planning of electric power and natural gas systems will allow synergistic investments to address cross-sector operational constraints, compe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Advances in Applied Energy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242200004X |
| _version_ | 1811242865923194880 |
|---|---|
| author | Gregory Von Wald Kaarthik Sundar Evan Sherwin Anatoly Zlotnik Adam Brandt |
| author_facet | Gregory Von Wald Kaarthik Sundar Evan Sherwin Anatoly Zlotnik Adam Brandt |
| author_sort | Gregory Von Wald |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As energy utilities implement climate change mitigation policies, system planners require strategies for achieving affordable emissions reductions. Coordinated planning of electric power and natural gas systems will allow synergistic investments to address cross-sector operational constraints, competing uses for net-zero emissions fuels, and shifts in energy demands across energy carriers. In this study, we develop a novel optimization program that finds the cost-minimizing mix of infrastructure expansion or reduction across gas and electric systems to satisfy sector-specific emissions constraints. Alongside energy supply resources, our framework allows for central-planning of end-use equipment stocks to allow switching between gas and electric appliances upon failure or premature replacement. The proposed model is used to simulate case study scenarios for a benchmark 24-pipe gas network coupled to a 24-node power system test network. We find that electrification of greater than 80% of core gas demands is a component of the least-cost solution for modeled energy systems. Despite this substitution, the gas system is maintained to service difficult-to-electrify customers and to deliver net-zero emissions gas to electricity generators in times of peak electricity demand. Restricting electrification of gas appliances increases reliance on power-to-gas technologies and increases annual costs by 15% in 2040. Neglecting constraints on pipeline blending of hydrogen can produce a misleading result that relies on hydrogen blend fractions of greater than 50%. In all cases, we find the average costs of delivered gas increase nearly 5-fold across the decarbonization transition, highlighting the importance of future work investigating cost-allocation strategies for ensuring an equitable energy transition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:57:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4dee284697540f0ba98dc51798fd00d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-7924 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:57:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Applied Energy |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4dee284697540f0ba98dc51798fd00d2022-12-22T03:30:19ZengElsevierAdvances in Applied Energy2666-79242022-06-016100086Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planningGregory Von Wald0Kaarthik Sundar1Evan Sherwin2Anatoly Zlotnik3Adam Brandt4Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Corresponding author.Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USADepartment of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USALos Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USADepartment of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USAAs energy utilities implement climate change mitigation policies, system planners require strategies for achieving affordable emissions reductions. Coordinated planning of electric power and natural gas systems will allow synergistic investments to address cross-sector operational constraints, competing uses for net-zero emissions fuels, and shifts in energy demands across energy carriers. In this study, we develop a novel optimization program that finds the cost-minimizing mix of infrastructure expansion or reduction across gas and electric systems to satisfy sector-specific emissions constraints. Alongside energy supply resources, our framework allows for central-planning of end-use equipment stocks to allow switching between gas and electric appliances upon failure or premature replacement. The proposed model is used to simulate case study scenarios for a benchmark 24-pipe gas network coupled to a 24-node power system test network. We find that electrification of greater than 80% of core gas demands is a component of the least-cost solution for modeled energy systems. Despite this substitution, the gas system is maintained to service difficult-to-electrify customers and to deliver net-zero emissions gas to electricity generators in times of peak electricity demand. Restricting electrification of gas appliances increases reliance on power-to-gas technologies and increases annual costs by 15% in 2040. Neglecting constraints on pipeline blending of hydrogen can produce a misleading result that relies on hydrogen blend fractions of greater than 50%. In all cases, we find the average costs of delivered gas increase nearly 5-fold across the decarbonization transition, highlighting the importance of future work investigating cost-allocation strategies for ensuring an equitable energy transition.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242200004X8800 |
| spellingShingle | Gregory Von Wald Kaarthik Sundar Evan Sherwin Anatoly Zlotnik Adam Brandt Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning Advances in Applied Energy 8800 |
| title | Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning |
| title_full | Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning |
| title_fullStr | Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning |
| title_short | Optimal gas-electric energy system decarbonization planning |
| title_sort | optimal gas electric energy system decarbonization planning |
| topic | 8800 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242200004X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gregoryvonwald optimalgaselectricenergysystemdecarbonizationplanning AT kaarthiksundar optimalgaselectricenergysystemdecarbonizationplanning AT evansherwin optimalgaselectricenergysystemdecarbonizationplanning AT anatolyzlotnik optimalgaselectricenergysystemdecarbonizationplanning AT adambrandt optimalgaselectricenergysystemdecarbonizationplanning |