Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent
We previously identified secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (<i>Sparc)</i> as an exercise-induced gene in young and elderly individuals. Via this animal experiment, we aim to identify selected implications of SPARC mainly within the muscle in the contexts of exercise. Mice were...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/24/9108 |
| _version_ | 1797544106872799232 |
|---|---|
| author | Abdelaziz Ghanemi Aicha Melouane Mayumi Yoshioka Jonny St-Amand |
| author_facet | Abdelaziz Ghanemi Aicha Melouane Mayumi Yoshioka Jonny St-Amand |
| author_sort | Abdelaziz Ghanemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We previously identified secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (<i>Sparc)</i> as an exercise-induced gene in young and elderly individuals. Via this animal experiment, we aim to identify selected implications of SPARC mainly within the muscle in the contexts of exercise. Mice were divided into eight groups based on three variables (age, genotype and exercise): Old (O) or young (Y) × <i>Sparc</i> knock-out (KO) or wild-type (WT) × sedentary (Sed) or exercise (Ex). The exercised groups were trained for 12 weeks at the lactate threshold (LT) speed (including 4 weeks of adaptation period) and all mice were sacrificed afterwards. Body and selected tissues were weighed, and lactate levels in different conditions measured. Expression of skeletal muscle (SM) collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I (MT-CO1) in addition to SM strength (grip power) were also measured. Ageing increased the body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights but decreased SM weight percentage (to body weight) and MT-CO1 expression (in WT). Exercise increased SM COL1A1 in WT mice and MT-CO1 expression, as well as weight percentage of the tibialis anterior muscle, and decreased WAT weight (trend). Compared to WT mice, <i>Sparc</i> KO mice had lower body, muscle and WAT weights, with a decrease in SM MT-CO1 and COL1A1 expression with no genotype effect on lactate levels in all our blood lactate measures. <i>Sparc</i> KO effects on body composition, adiposity and metabolic patterns are toward a reduced WAT and body weight, but with a negative metabolic and functional phenotype of SM. Whereas such negative effects on SM are worsened with ageing, they are relatively improved by exercise. Importantly, our data suggest that the exercise-induced changes in the SM phenotype, in terms of increased performance (metabolic, strength and development), including lactate-induced changes, are SPARC-dependent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:55:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4e4b5f17e2d4881bbbda1b0c69b5036 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:55:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4e4b5f17e2d4881bbbda1b0c69b50362023-11-21T01:43:47ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-12-011024910810.3390/app10249108Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-DependentAbdelaziz Ghanemi0Aicha Melouane1Mayumi Yoshioka2Jonny St-Amand3Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaFunctional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, CanadaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaWe previously identified secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (<i>Sparc)</i> as an exercise-induced gene in young and elderly individuals. Via this animal experiment, we aim to identify selected implications of SPARC mainly within the muscle in the contexts of exercise. Mice were divided into eight groups based on three variables (age, genotype and exercise): Old (O) or young (Y) × <i>Sparc</i> knock-out (KO) or wild-type (WT) × sedentary (Sed) or exercise (Ex). The exercised groups were trained for 12 weeks at the lactate threshold (LT) speed (including 4 weeks of adaptation period) and all mice were sacrificed afterwards. Body and selected tissues were weighed, and lactate levels in different conditions measured. Expression of skeletal muscle (SM) collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I (MT-CO1) in addition to SM strength (grip power) were also measured. Ageing increased the body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights but decreased SM weight percentage (to body weight) and MT-CO1 expression (in WT). Exercise increased SM COL1A1 in WT mice and MT-CO1 expression, as well as weight percentage of the tibialis anterior muscle, and decreased WAT weight (trend). Compared to WT mice, <i>Sparc</i> KO mice had lower body, muscle and WAT weights, with a decrease in SM MT-CO1 and COL1A1 expression with no genotype effect on lactate levels in all our blood lactate measures. <i>Sparc</i> KO effects on body composition, adiposity and metabolic patterns are toward a reduced WAT and body weight, but with a negative metabolic and functional phenotype of SM. Whereas such negative effects on SM are worsened with ageing, they are relatively improved by exercise. Importantly, our data suggest that the exercise-induced changes in the SM phenotype, in terms of increased performance (metabolic, strength and development), including lactate-induced changes, are SPARC-dependent.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/24/9108secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (<i>Sparc</i>)exercisemuscle performancemetabolic phenotypelactateageing |
| spellingShingle | Abdelaziz Ghanemi Aicha Melouane Mayumi Yoshioka Jonny St-Amand Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent Applied Sciences secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (<i>Sparc</i>) exercise muscle performance metabolic phenotype lactate ageing |
| title | Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent |
| title_full | Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent |
| title_fullStr | Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent |
| title_short | Exercise Training of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine <i>(Sparc)</i> KO Mice Suggests That Exercise-Induced Muscle Phenotype Changes Are SPARC-Dependent |
| title_sort | exercise training of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine i sparc i ko mice suggests that exercise induced muscle phenotype changes are sparc dependent |
| topic | secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (<i>Sparc</i>) exercise muscle performance metabolic phenotype lactate ageing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/24/9108 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abdelazizghanemi exercisetrainingofsecretedproteinacidicandrichincysteineisparcikomicesuggeststhatexerciseinducedmusclephenotypechangesaresparcdependent AT aichamelouane exercisetrainingofsecretedproteinacidicandrichincysteineisparcikomicesuggeststhatexerciseinducedmusclephenotypechangesaresparcdependent AT mayumiyoshioka exercisetrainingofsecretedproteinacidicandrichincysteineisparcikomicesuggeststhatexerciseinducedmusclephenotypechangesaresparcdependent AT jonnystamand exercisetrainingofsecretedproteinacidicandrichincysteineisparcikomicesuggeststhatexerciseinducedmusclephenotypechangesaresparcdependent |