Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics
The hedgehog grain aphid (HGA), <i>Sipha maydis</i> Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a cereal pest in many regions of the world. It was first documented in the United States in 2007, and it has a range that appears to be expanding. Understanding the effects of temperature and the hos...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/11/862 |
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| author | Mason Taylor Rafael Hayashida William Wyatt Hoback John Scott Armstrong |
| author_facet | Mason Taylor Rafael Hayashida William Wyatt Hoback John Scott Armstrong |
| author_sort | Mason Taylor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The hedgehog grain aphid (HGA), <i>Sipha maydis</i> Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a cereal pest in many regions of the world. It was first documented in the United States in 2007, and it has a range that appears to be expanding. Understanding the effects of temperature and the host plant on HGA development, survival, and reproduction is crucial for understanding its population dynamics, potential distribution, and management strategies. In this study, we investigated the effects of different temperatures and host plants on the demographic parameters of HGA and determined the supercooling point (SCP) for their first instars, apterous adults, and winged adults. Our findings revealed that temperatures between 20 °C and 25 °C were optimal for HGA development and reproduction, with parthenogenetic females producing approximately 60 offspring in their lifetimes. However, HGA development was hindered below 10 °C and above 35 °C. The SCP for HGA was similar (mean ± S.E.: −16.280 ± 0.532 °C) among nymphs, apterous adults, and winged adults. We compared the HGA demographics with the demographics of the sorghum aphid (SA), <i>Melanaphis sorghi</i> (Theobald, 1904), on wheat, millet, and three cultivars of sorghum under a constant temperature. The HGA completed its life cycle on all the tested host plants with a similar reproduction, demonstrating a lack of resistance to HGA by a sorghum that is resistant to SA. By expanding our knowledge of host plant- and temperature-dependent development, reproduction, and mortality in <i>S. maydis</i>, we can better predict and manage future HGA populations in small grain crops. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:44:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4e704228d6542858a9342f686c6c306 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:44:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4e704228d6542858a9342f686c6c3062023-11-24T14:48:37ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-11-01141186210.3390/insects14110862Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> DemographicsMason Taylor0Rafael Hayashida1William Wyatt Hoback2John Scott Armstrong3Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USADepartment of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USADepartment of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat, Peanut and Other Field Crops Research Unit, 1301 North Western Road, Stillwater, OK 74075, USAThe hedgehog grain aphid (HGA), <i>Sipha maydis</i> Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a cereal pest in many regions of the world. It was first documented in the United States in 2007, and it has a range that appears to be expanding. Understanding the effects of temperature and the host plant on HGA development, survival, and reproduction is crucial for understanding its population dynamics, potential distribution, and management strategies. In this study, we investigated the effects of different temperatures and host plants on the demographic parameters of HGA and determined the supercooling point (SCP) for their first instars, apterous adults, and winged adults. Our findings revealed that temperatures between 20 °C and 25 °C were optimal for HGA development and reproduction, with parthenogenetic females producing approximately 60 offspring in their lifetimes. However, HGA development was hindered below 10 °C and above 35 °C. The SCP for HGA was similar (mean ± S.E.: −16.280 ± 0.532 °C) among nymphs, apterous adults, and winged adults. We compared the HGA demographics with the demographics of the sorghum aphid (SA), <i>Melanaphis sorghi</i> (Theobald, 1904), on wheat, millet, and three cultivars of sorghum under a constant temperature. The HGA completed its life cycle on all the tested host plants with a similar reproduction, demonstrating a lack of resistance to HGA by a sorghum that is resistant to SA. By expanding our knowledge of host plant- and temperature-dependent development, reproduction, and mortality in <i>S. maydis</i>, we can better predict and manage future HGA populations in small grain crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/11/862lifetablefecundityresistanceexotic aphidgeneralist |
| spellingShingle | Mason Taylor Rafael Hayashida William Wyatt Hoback John Scott Armstrong Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics Insects lifetable fecundity resistance exotic aphid generalist |
| title | Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics |
| title_full | Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics |
| title_short | Effects of Temperature and Host Plant on Hedgehog Grain Aphid, <i>Sipha maydis</i> Demographics |
| title_sort | effects of temperature and host plant on hedgehog grain aphid i sipha maydis i demographics |
| topic | lifetable fecundity resistance exotic aphid generalist |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/11/862 |
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