Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder
Background: Invasive bladder cancer is a lethal disease with a 50% cancer-related mortality even in the best healthcare systems. Optimum combination of surgery, external beam radiotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy has yet to be determined. Purpose: To audit the outcome of multi-modality treat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2008-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Urology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.indianjurol.com/article.asp?issn=0970-1591;year=2008;volume=24;issue=1;spage=48;epage=53;aulast=Yadav |
| _version_ | 1818234537411346432 |
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| author | B S Yadav S Ghoshal S C Sharma |
| author_facet | B S Yadav S Ghoshal S C Sharma |
| author_sort | B S Yadav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Invasive bladder cancer is a lethal disease with a 50% cancer-related mortality even in the best healthcare systems. Optimum combination of surgery, external beam radiotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy has yet to be determined.
Purpose: To audit the outcome of multi-modality treatment and compare this with the existing literature in order to set future priorities and re-audit in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder.
Materials and Methods: Between January 2001 and December 2004, 97 patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder were analyzed. Radical surgery was done in 18(18%) patients and adjuvant radiation was given to 20(21%) patients. Radical radiation alone, (≥50 Gy) was given to 26(27%) and chemoradiation to 33(34%) patients respectively. Patients in the chemoradiation arm were given the same dose of radiation with weekly concomitant cisplatin at 40 mg/m 2 one hour before radiation during the first phase only. At a median follow-up of 32 months the outcome studied included locoregional failure, distant failure, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) using univariate and multivariate analyses. The OS and DFS were calculated according to Kaplan-Meier. Log rank test was used for statistical significance.
Results: Median age of the patients was 58 years. Males comprised 93% of the total patients. Most (93%) of the patients had transitional cell histology. In patients treated with radiation alone overall response rate was 60%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 42%. The CR in patients treated with chemoradiation was 51%. Bladder was preserved in 61% of patients who received chemoradiation as compared to 42% in patients treated with radical radiation. With radical radiation local recurrence rate was 19% as compared to 22% with surgery and 6% with chemoradiation, respectively. Local recurrence rate was only 5% in patients treated with adjuvant radiation. Distant metastasis rate was least with chemoradiation (9%) as compared to 11.5% in radical radiation: curable dose of radiation and 33% with surgery alone, respectively. Patients with adjuvant radiation had a distant metastases rate of 15%. Median OS was 36 months. Factors affecting OS were histology ( P = 0.023) and nodal involvement ( P = 0.034). Median DFS was 26 months. Significant factors affecting DFS on univariate analysis were histology ( P = 0.046) and nodal involvement ( P = 0.004). On multivariate analysis the only factor affecting DFS and OS was nodal involvement (P = 0.01; Hazard Ratio, 0.085-0.719).
Conclusion: In patients with invasive bladder cancer, combined modality in the form of radical cystectomy followed by radiation give best local control. Radiation alone is not effective to control muscle-invasive local disease; however, Chemoradiation is an effective alternative to radical cystectomy to preserve bladder function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:39:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f4e9423fb89c40ff95b0fe67c179d335 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0970-1591 1998-3824 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:39:39Z |
| publishDate | 2008-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
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| series | Indian Journal of Urology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f4e9423fb89c40ff95b0fe67c179d3352022-12-22T00:25:35ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Urology0970-15911998-38242008-01-01241485310.4103/0970-1591.38603Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladderB S YadavS GhoshalS C SharmaBackground: Invasive bladder cancer is a lethal disease with a 50% cancer-related mortality even in the best healthcare systems. Optimum combination of surgery, external beam radiotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy has yet to be determined. Purpose: To audit the outcome of multi-modality treatment and compare this with the existing literature in order to set future priorities and re-audit in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder. Materials and Methods: Between January 2001 and December 2004, 97 patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder were analyzed. Radical surgery was done in 18(18%) patients and adjuvant radiation was given to 20(21%) patients. Radical radiation alone, (≥50 Gy) was given to 26(27%) and chemoradiation to 33(34%) patients respectively. Patients in the chemoradiation arm were given the same dose of radiation with weekly concomitant cisplatin at 40 mg/m 2 one hour before radiation during the first phase only. At a median follow-up of 32 months the outcome studied included locoregional failure, distant failure, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) using univariate and multivariate analyses. The OS and DFS were calculated according to Kaplan-Meier. Log rank test was used for statistical significance. Results: Median age of the patients was 58 years. Males comprised 93% of the total patients. Most (93%) of the patients had transitional cell histology. In patients treated with radiation alone overall response rate was 60%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 42%. The CR in patients treated with chemoradiation was 51%. Bladder was preserved in 61% of patients who received chemoradiation as compared to 42% in patients treated with radical radiation. With radical radiation local recurrence rate was 19% as compared to 22% with surgery and 6% with chemoradiation, respectively. Local recurrence rate was only 5% in patients treated with adjuvant radiation. Distant metastasis rate was least with chemoradiation (9%) as compared to 11.5% in radical radiation: curable dose of radiation and 33% with surgery alone, respectively. Patients with adjuvant radiation had a distant metastases rate of 15%. Median OS was 36 months. Factors affecting OS were histology ( P = 0.023) and nodal involvement ( P = 0.034). Median DFS was 26 months. Significant factors affecting DFS on univariate analysis were histology ( P = 0.046) and nodal involvement ( P = 0.004). On multivariate analysis the only factor affecting DFS and OS was nodal involvement (P = 0.01; Hazard Ratio, 0.085-0.719). Conclusion: In patients with invasive bladder cancer, combined modality in the form of radical cystectomy followed by radiation give best local control. Radiation alone is not effective to control muscle-invasive local disease; however, Chemoradiation is an effective alternative to radical cystectomy to preserve bladder function.http://www.indianjurol.com/article.asp?issn=0970-1591;year=2008;volume=24;issue=1;spage=48;epage=53;aulast=YadavCarcinomachemoradiationradiotherapyurinary bladder |
| spellingShingle | B S Yadav S Ghoshal S C Sharma Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder Indian Journal of Urology Carcinoma chemoradiation radiotherapy urinary bladder |
| title | Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder |
| title_full | Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder |
| title_fullStr | Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder |
| title_short | Outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder-preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder |
| title_sort | outcome following radical cystectomy and bladder preservation therapy in patients with invasive carcinoma of urinary bladder |
| topic | Carcinoma chemoradiation radiotherapy urinary bladder |
| url | http://www.indianjurol.com/article.asp?issn=0970-1591;year=2008;volume=24;issue=1;spage=48;epage=53;aulast=Yadav |
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