Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System
<i>Azolla</i> spp. is a prominent macrophyte and one of the world’s fastest growing plants, making it a highly important resource that has been widely exploited as a biofertilizer, food and feed, and biofuel production. As a result, the uses, promotion, and application of <i>Azolla...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10288 |
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| author | Warin Intana Thanet Khomphet Naramit Srichai Nattawadee Bundit Shams Shaila Islam |
| author_facet | Warin Intana Thanet Khomphet Naramit Srichai Nattawadee Bundit Shams Shaila Islam |
| author_sort | Warin Intana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Azolla</i> spp. is a prominent macrophyte and one of the world’s fastest growing plants, making it a highly important resource that has been widely exploited as a biofertilizer, food and feed, and biofuel production. As a result, the uses, promotion, and application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. in sustainable agriculture would be of significant interest. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the feasibility of using <i>Azolla</i> as a growing media of melons with a reduction in fertigation concentration in a soilless culture system, and (ii) to compare the agronomic and fruit quality traits of melons grown in different <i>Azolla</i> treatments. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments including: (1) control treatment (1:1 combination of chopped coconut mesocarp (CCM) and coconut coir (CC) with recommended fertigation concentration (RFC)), (2) dried <i>Azolla</i> (1:1:2 combination of CCM, CC, and dried <i>Azolla</i> with 75% of RFC), (3) fermented <i>Azolla</i> (1:1:2 combination of CCM, CC, and fermented <i>Azolla</i> with 75% of RFC), and (4) fresh <i>Azolla</i> (1:1:2 combination of CCM, CC, and fresh <i>Azolla</i> with 75% of RFC). Seven melons per treatment were recorded on the agronomic traits (stem length, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, and leaf number) and fruit quality (fruit weight, fruit height, fruit perimeter, rind thickness, pulp thickness, fruit cavity, pulp firmness, pulp color (<i>L*</i>, <i>a*</i>, <i>b*</i>, <i>Hue</i>, and <i>c*</i>), total soluble solid, juice electrical conductivity, juice pH, and juice titratable acidity). Statistical analyses revealed the differences among melon agronomic and yield traits under different <i>Azolla</i> treatments. Nutrient analysis results showed that fermented and fresh <i>Azolla</i> had a high nutritional value as compared to dried <i>Azolla</i>. Most fruit traits from fermented and fresh <i>Azolla</i> treatments with a fertilizer reduction were not significantly different as compared to control. Both treatments were recommended for melon production in a soilless culture system, since these treatments can reduce fertigation use by 25% while maintaining growth and fruit quality when compared to conventional practice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:04:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5190eeb2092408bbd5df8f3e37741aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:04:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f5190eeb2092408bbd5df8f3e37741aa2023-11-19T09:25:38ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-09-0113181028810.3390/app131810288Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture SystemWarin Intana0Thanet Khomphet1Naramit Srichai2Nattawadee Bundit3Shams Shaila Islam4School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandSchool of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandSchool of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandSchool of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, ThailandDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh<i>Azolla</i> spp. is a prominent macrophyte and one of the world’s fastest growing plants, making it a highly important resource that has been widely exploited as a biofertilizer, food and feed, and biofuel production. As a result, the uses, promotion, and application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. in sustainable agriculture would be of significant interest. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the feasibility of using <i>Azolla</i> as a growing media of melons with a reduction in fertigation concentration in a soilless culture system, and (ii) to compare the agronomic and fruit quality traits of melons grown in different <i>Azolla</i> treatments. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments including: (1) control treatment (1:1 combination of chopped coconut mesocarp (CCM) and coconut coir (CC) with recommended fertigation concentration (RFC)), (2) dried <i>Azolla</i> (1:1:2 combination of CCM, CC, and dried <i>Azolla</i> with 75% of RFC), (3) fermented <i>Azolla</i> (1:1:2 combination of CCM, CC, and fermented <i>Azolla</i> with 75% of RFC), and (4) fresh <i>Azolla</i> (1:1:2 combination of CCM, CC, and fresh <i>Azolla</i> with 75% of RFC). Seven melons per treatment were recorded on the agronomic traits (stem length, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, and leaf number) and fruit quality (fruit weight, fruit height, fruit perimeter, rind thickness, pulp thickness, fruit cavity, pulp firmness, pulp color (<i>L*</i>, <i>a*</i>, <i>b*</i>, <i>Hue</i>, and <i>c*</i>), total soluble solid, juice electrical conductivity, juice pH, and juice titratable acidity). Statistical analyses revealed the differences among melon agronomic and yield traits under different <i>Azolla</i> treatments. Nutrient analysis results showed that fermented and fresh <i>Azolla</i> had a high nutritional value as compared to dried <i>Azolla</i>. Most fruit traits from fermented and fresh <i>Azolla</i> treatments with a fertilizer reduction were not significantly different as compared to control. Both treatments were recommended for melon production in a soilless culture system, since these treatments can reduce fertigation use by 25% while maintaining growth and fruit quality when compared to conventional practice.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10288<i>Azolla</i>fruit qualitymelonplanting mediumsoilless culture system |
| spellingShingle | Warin Intana Thanet Khomphet Naramit Srichai Nattawadee Bundit Shams Shaila Islam Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System Applied Sciences <i>Azolla</i> fruit quality melon planting medium soilless culture system |
| title | Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System |
| title_full | Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System |
| title_fullStr | Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System |
| title_short | Application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a Growing Medium Component for Melon Grown in a Soilless Culture System |
| title_sort | application of i azolla i spp as a growing medium component for melon grown in a soilless culture system |
| topic | <i>Azolla</i> fruit quality melon planting medium soilless culture system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10288 |
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