Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen
With the aging population, there is a growing need for mineralized tissue restoration and synthetic bone substitutes. Previous studies have shown that a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process can successfully mineralize collagen substrates to achieve compositions found in native bone and de...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/4/775 |
| _version_ | 1797476989189226496 |
|---|---|
| author | Neha Saxena Joshua Mizels Maegan A. Cremer Vanessa Guarnizo Douglas E. Rodriguez Laurie B. Gower |
| author_facet | Neha Saxena Joshua Mizels Maegan A. Cremer Vanessa Guarnizo Douglas E. Rodriguez Laurie B. Gower |
| author_sort | Neha Saxena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the aging population, there is a growing need for mineralized tissue restoration and synthetic bone substitutes. Previous studies have shown that a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process can successfully mineralize collagen substrates to achieve compositions found in native bone and dentin. This process also leads to intrafibrillar apatitic crystals with their [001] axes aligned roughly parallel to the long axis of the collagen fibril, emulating the nanostructural organization found in native bone and dentin. When demineralized bovine bone was remineralized via the PILP process using osteopontin (OPN), the samples were able to activate mouse marrow-derived osteoclasts to similar levels to those of native bone, suggesting a means for fabricating bioactive bone substitutes that could trigger remodeling through the native bone multicellular unit (BMU). In order to determine if OPN derived from bovine milk could be a cost-effective process-directing agent, the mineralization of type I collagen scaffolds using this protein was compared to the benchmark polypeptide of polyaspartic acid (sodium salt; pAsp). In this set of experiments, we found that OPN led to much faster and more uniform mineralization when compared with pAsp, making it a cheaper and commercially attractive alternative for mineralized tissue restorations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:11:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f51b78c274b746dfa985d888c848b00a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:11:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-f51b78c274b746dfa985d888c848b00a2023-11-23T21:45:43ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-02-0114477510.3390/polym14040775Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of CollagenNeha Saxena0Joshua Mizels1Maegan A. Cremer2Vanessa Guarnizo3Douglas E. Rodriguez4Laurie B. Gower5Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAWith the aging population, there is a growing need for mineralized tissue restoration and synthetic bone substitutes. Previous studies have shown that a polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process can successfully mineralize collagen substrates to achieve compositions found in native bone and dentin. This process also leads to intrafibrillar apatitic crystals with their [001] axes aligned roughly parallel to the long axis of the collagen fibril, emulating the nanostructural organization found in native bone and dentin. When demineralized bovine bone was remineralized via the PILP process using osteopontin (OPN), the samples were able to activate mouse marrow-derived osteoclasts to similar levels to those of native bone, suggesting a means for fabricating bioactive bone substitutes that could trigger remodeling through the native bone multicellular unit (BMU). In order to determine if OPN derived from bovine milk could be a cost-effective process-directing agent, the mineralization of type I collagen scaffolds using this protein was compared to the benchmark polypeptide of polyaspartic acid (sodium salt; pAsp). In this set of experiments, we found that OPN led to much faster and more uniform mineralization when compared with pAsp, making it a cheaper and commercially attractive alternative for mineralized tissue restorations.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/4/775bone substitutesbiomimetic processingmineralized collagenintrafibrillar mineralizationosteopontin process-directing agentpolyaspartic acid |
| spellingShingle | Neha Saxena Joshua Mizels Maegan A. Cremer Vanessa Guarnizo Douglas E. Rodriguez Laurie B. Gower Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen Polymers bone substitutes biomimetic processing mineralized collagen intrafibrillar mineralization osteopontin process-directing agent polyaspartic acid |
| title | Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen |
| title_full | Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen |
| title_short | Comparison of Synthetic vs. Biogenic Polymeric Process-Directing Agents for Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen |
| title_sort | comparison of synthetic vs biogenic polymeric process directing agents for intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen |
| topic | bone substitutes biomimetic processing mineralized collagen intrafibrillar mineralization osteopontin process-directing agent polyaspartic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/4/775 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nehasaxena comparisonofsyntheticvsbiogenicpolymericprocessdirectingagentsforintrafibrillarmineralizationofcollagen AT joshuamizels comparisonofsyntheticvsbiogenicpolymericprocessdirectingagentsforintrafibrillarmineralizationofcollagen AT maeganacremer comparisonofsyntheticvsbiogenicpolymericprocessdirectingagentsforintrafibrillarmineralizationofcollagen AT vanessaguarnizo comparisonofsyntheticvsbiogenicpolymericprocessdirectingagentsforintrafibrillarmineralizationofcollagen AT douglaserodriguez comparisonofsyntheticvsbiogenicpolymericprocessdirectingagentsforintrafibrillarmineralizationofcollagen AT lauriebgower comparisonofsyntheticvsbiogenicpolymericprocessdirectingagentsforintrafibrillarmineralizationofcollagen |