Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020
In-situ knowledge on characteristics of mineral aerosols is important for weather and climate prediction models, particularly for modeling such processes as the entrainment, transport and deposition of aerosols. However, field measurements of the dust emission flux, dust size distribution and its ch...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/8/985 |
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| author | Otto G. Chkhetiani Natalia V. Vazaeva Alexander V. Chernokulsky Karim A. Shukurov Dina P. Gubanova Maria S. Artamonova Leonid O. Maksimenkov Fedor A. Kozlov Tatyana M. Kuderina |
| author_facet | Otto G. Chkhetiani Natalia V. Vazaeva Alexander V. Chernokulsky Karim A. Shukurov Dina P. Gubanova Maria S. Artamonova Leonid O. Maksimenkov Fedor A. Kozlov Tatyana M. Kuderina |
| author_sort | Otto G. Chkhetiani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In-situ knowledge on characteristics of mineral aerosols is important for weather and climate prediction models, particularly for modeling such processes as the entrainment, transport and deposition of aerosols. However, field measurements of the dust emission flux, dust size distribution and its chemical composition under realistic wind conditions remain rare. In this study, we present experimental data over annual expeditions in the arid and semi-arid zones of the Caspian Lowland Desert (Kalmykia, south of Russia); we evaluate characteristics of mineral aerosol concentration and fluxes, estimate its chemical composition and calculate its long-distance transport characteristics. The mass concentration in different years ranges from several tens to several hundred of μg m<sup>−3</sup>. The significant influence of wind velocity on the value of mass and counting concentration and on the proposed entrainment mechanisms is confirmed. An increased content of anthropogenic elements (S, Sn, Pb, Bi, Mo, Ag, Cd, Hg, etc.), which is characteristic for all observation points in the south of the European Russia, is found. The trajectory analysis show that long-range air particles transport from the Caspian Lowland Desert to the central regions of European Russia tends to increase in the recent decades. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:00:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5231f7ab3094320aa2a50e54316f88a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:00:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-f5231f7ab3094320aa2a50e54316f88a2023-11-22T06:47:22ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-07-0112898510.3390/atmos12080985Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020Otto G. Chkhetiani0Natalia V. Vazaeva1Alexander V. Chernokulsky2Karim A. Shukurov3Dina P. Gubanova4Maria S. Artamonova5Leonid O. Maksimenkov6Fedor A. Kozlov7Tatyana M. Kuderina8A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Pyzhyovskiy Pereulok, 3, 109017 Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Geography, RAS, Staromonetniy Lane. 29, 119017 Moscow, RussiaIn-situ knowledge on characteristics of mineral aerosols is important for weather and climate prediction models, particularly for modeling such processes as the entrainment, transport and deposition of aerosols. However, field measurements of the dust emission flux, dust size distribution and its chemical composition under realistic wind conditions remain rare. In this study, we present experimental data over annual expeditions in the arid and semi-arid zones of the Caspian Lowland Desert (Kalmykia, south of Russia); we evaluate characteristics of mineral aerosol concentration and fluxes, estimate its chemical composition and calculate its long-distance transport characteristics. The mass concentration in different years ranges from several tens to several hundred of μg m<sup>−3</sup>. The significant influence of wind velocity on the value of mass and counting concentration and on the proposed entrainment mechanisms is confirmed. An increased content of anthropogenic elements (S, Sn, Pb, Bi, Mo, Ag, Cd, Hg, etc.), which is characteristic for all observation points in the south of the European Russia, is found. The trajectory analysis show that long-range air particles transport from the Caspian Lowland Desert to the central regions of European Russia tends to increase in the recent decades.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/8/985mineral aerosolemissionaerosol transportfield measurementsaerosol compositionsatellite data |
| spellingShingle | Otto G. Chkhetiani Natalia V. Vazaeva Alexander V. Chernokulsky Karim A. Shukurov Dina P. Gubanova Maria S. Artamonova Leonid O. Maksimenkov Fedor A. Kozlov Tatyana M. Kuderina Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020 Atmosphere mineral aerosol emission aerosol transport field measurements aerosol composition satellite data |
| title | Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020 |
| title_full | Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020 |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020 |
| title_short | Analysis of Mineral Aerosol in the Surface Layer over the Caspian Lowland Desert by the Data of 12 Summer Field Campaigns in 2002–2020 |
| title_sort | analysis of mineral aerosol in the surface layer over the caspian lowland desert by the data of 12 summer field campaigns in 2002 2020 |
| topic | mineral aerosol emission aerosol transport field measurements aerosol composition satellite data |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/8/985 |
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