Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases
In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in dietary restrictions for their promising effects on longevity and health span. Indeed, these strategies are supposed to delay the onset and burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, diabetes, cancer and neurological and gastro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/8/1140 |
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| author | Emanuele Rinninella Marco Cintoni Pauline Raoul Gianluca Ianiro Lucrezia Laterza Loris Riccardo Lopetuso Francesca Romana Ponziani Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Cristina Mele |
| author_facet | Emanuele Rinninella Marco Cintoni Pauline Raoul Gianluca Ianiro Lucrezia Laterza Loris Riccardo Lopetuso Francesca Romana Ponziani Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Cristina Mele |
| author_sort | Emanuele Rinninella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in dietary restrictions for their promising effects on longevity and health span. Indeed, these strategies are supposed to delay the onset and burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, diabetes, cancer and neurological and gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. At the same time, the gut microbiota has been shown to play a crucial role in NCDs since it is actively involved in maintaining gut homeostasis through its impact on nutrients metabolism, gut barrier, and immune system. There is evidence that dietary restrictions could slow down age-related changes in the types and numbers of gut bacteria, which may counteract gut dysbiosis. The beneficial effects on gut microbiota may positively influence host metabolism, gut barrier permeability, and brain functions, and subsequently, postpone the onset of NCDs prolonging the health span. These new insights could lead to the development of novel strategies for modulating gut microbiota with the end goal of treating/preventing NCDs. This review provides an overview of animal and human studies focusing on gut microbiota variations during different types of dietary restriction, in order to highlight the close relationship between gut microbiota balance and the host’s health benefits induced by these nutritional regimens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:09:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f52e7d3c1fae46b0a1e3495d6cac67fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:09:37Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-f52e7d3c1fae46b0a1e3495d6cac67fd2023-11-20T08:13:54ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-07-0188114010.3390/microorganisms8081140Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable DiseasesEmanuele Rinninella0Marco Cintoni1Pauline Raoul2Gianluca Ianiro3Lucrezia Laterza4Loris Riccardo Lopetuso5Francesca Romana Ponziani6Antonio Gasbarrini7Maria Cristina Mele8UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyScuola di Specializzazione in Scienza dell’Alimentazione, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyUOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyUOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyUOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyUOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyUOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyUOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyUOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyIn recent decades, there has been a growing interest in dietary restrictions for their promising effects on longevity and health span. Indeed, these strategies are supposed to delay the onset and burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, diabetes, cancer and neurological and gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. At the same time, the gut microbiota has been shown to play a crucial role in NCDs since it is actively involved in maintaining gut homeostasis through its impact on nutrients metabolism, gut barrier, and immune system. There is evidence that dietary restrictions could slow down age-related changes in the types and numbers of gut bacteria, which may counteract gut dysbiosis. The beneficial effects on gut microbiota may positively influence host metabolism, gut barrier permeability, and brain functions, and subsequently, postpone the onset of NCDs prolonging the health span. These new insights could lead to the development of novel strategies for modulating gut microbiota with the end goal of treating/preventing NCDs. This review provides an overview of animal and human studies focusing on gut microbiota variations during different types of dietary restriction, in order to highlight the close relationship between gut microbiota balance and the host’s health benefits induced by these nutritional regimens.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/8/1140gut microbiotacaloric restrictionintermittent fastingfasting-mimicking dietnon-communicable diseasesaging |
| spellingShingle | Emanuele Rinninella Marco Cintoni Pauline Raoul Gianluca Ianiro Lucrezia Laterza Loris Riccardo Lopetuso Francesca Romana Ponziani Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Cristina Mele Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases Microorganisms gut microbiota caloric restriction intermittent fasting fasting-mimicking diet non-communicable diseases aging |
| title | Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases |
| title_full | Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases |
| title_short | Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases |
| title_sort | gut microbiota during dietary restrictions new insights in non communicable diseases |
| topic | gut microbiota caloric restriction intermittent fasting fasting-mimicking diet non-communicable diseases aging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/8/1140 |
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