Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda
Abstract Background Accuracy of fetal weight estimation by ultrasound is essential in making decisions on the time and mode of delivery. There are many proposed formulas for fetal weight estimation such as Hadlock 1, Hadlock 2, Hadlock 3, Hadlock 4 and Shepard. What best applies to the Ugandan popul...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03645-4 |
| _version_ | 1818615302331564032 |
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| author | Senai Goitom Sereke Richard Okello Omara Felix Bongomin Sarah Nakubulwa Harriet Nalubega Kisembo |
| author_facet | Senai Goitom Sereke Richard Okello Omara Felix Bongomin Sarah Nakubulwa Harriet Nalubega Kisembo |
| author_sort | Senai Goitom Sereke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Accuracy of fetal weight estimation by ultrasound is essential in making decisions on the time and mode of delivery. There are many proposed formulas for fetal weight estimation such as Hadlock 1, Hadlock 2, Hadlock 3, Hadlock 4 and Shepard. What best applies to the Ugandan population is not known since no verification of any of the formulas has been done before. The primary aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of sonographic estimation of fetal weight using five most commonly used formulas, and analyze formula variations for different weight ranges. Methods This was a hospital based prospective cohort study at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. A total of 356 pregnant women who consented and were within 3 days of birth were enrolled. Prenatal ultrasound fetal weight determined by measuring the biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femoral length, and then was compared with actual birth weight. Results The overall accuracy of Hadlock 1, Hadlock 2, Hadlock 3, Hadlock 4 and Shepard formula were 66.9, 73.3, 77.3, 78.4 and 69.7% respectively. All Hadlocks showed significant mean difference between weight estimates and actual birth weight (p < 0.01) whereas Shepard formula did not [p - 0.2], when no stratification of fetal weights was done. However, all Hadlocks showed a none significant (p-values > 0.05) mean difference between weight estimates and actual birth weight when the actual birth weight was ≥4000.0 g. Shepard weight estimates showed a none significant mean difference when actual birth weight was < 4000 g. Bland-Altman graphs also showed a better agreement of weight estimated by Shepard formula and actual birth weights. Conclusion All the five formulas were accurate at estimating actual birth weights within 10% accuracy. However, this accuracy varied with the fetal birth weight. Shepard was more accurate in estimating actual birth weights < 4000 g whereas all Hadlocks were more accurate when the actual birthweight was ≥4000 g. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T16:31:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f53aac3fe37d4b8daa206914c99ac4e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T16:31:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj.art-f53aac3fe37d4b8daa206914c99ac4e92022-12-21T22:24:34ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932021-03-0121111110.1186/s12884-021-03645-4Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in UgandaSenai Goitom Sereke0Richard Okello Omara1Felix Bongomin2Sarah Nakubulwa3Harriet Nalubega Kisembo4Department of Radiology and Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health SciencesDepartment of Radiology and Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health SciencesDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health SciencesDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health SciencesDepartment of Radiology, Mulago National Referral HospitalAbstract Background Accuracy of fetal weight estimation by ultrasound is essential in making decisions on the time and mode of delivery. There are many proposed formulas for fetal weight estimation such as Hadlock 1, Hadlock 2, Hadlock 3, Hadlock 4 and Shepard. What best applies to the Ugandan population is not known since no verification of any of the formulas has been done before. The primary aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of sonographic estimation of fetal weight using five most commonly used formulas, and analyze formula variations for different weight ranges. Methods This was a hospital based prospective cohort study at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. A total of 356 pregnant women who consented and were within 3 days of birth were enrolled. Prenatal ultrasound fetal weight determined by measuring the biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femoral length, and then was compared with actual birth weight. Results The overall accuracy of Hadlock 1, Hadlock 2, Hadlock 3, Hadlock 4 and Shepard formula were 66.9, 73.3, 77.3, 78.4 and 69.7% respectively. All Hadlocks showed significant mean difference between weight estimates and actual birth weight (p < 0.01) whereas Shepard formula did not [p - 0.2], when no stratification of fetal weights was done. However, all Hadlocks showed a none significant (p-values > 0.05) mean difference between weight estimates and actual birth weight when the actual birth weight was ≥4000.0 g. Shepard weight estimates showed a none significant mean difference when actual birth weight was < 4000 g. Bland-Altman graphs also showed a better agreement of weight estimated by Shepard formula and actual birth weights. Conclusion All the five formulas were accurate at estimating actual birth weights within 10% accuracy. However, this accuracy varied with the fetal birth weight. Shepard was more accurate in estimating actual birth weights < 4000 g whereas all Hadlocks were more accurate when the actual birthweight was ≥4000 g.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03645-4Fetal weightEstimationFormulasUganda |
| spellingShingle | Senai Goitom Sereke Richard Okello Omara Felix Bongomin Sarah Nakubulwa Harriet Nalubega Kisembo Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Fetal weight Estimation Formulas Uganda |
| title | Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda |
| title_full | Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda |
| title_short | Prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in Uganda |
| title_sort | prospective verification of sonographic fetal weight estimators among term parturients in uganda |
| topic | Fetal weight Estimation Formulas Uganda |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03645-4 |
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