Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation
The lack of long-term observational data on secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> (SPM) has limited our comprehensive understanding of atmospheric environment change. This study develops an SPM estimation method, named Single-Tracer Approximate Envelope Algorithm (STAEA), to assess the long-term ch...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/12/1962 |
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| author | Dingyuan Liang Tianliang Zhao Yan Zhu Yongqing Bai Weikang Fu Yuqing Zhang Zijun Liu Yafei Wang |
| author_facet | Dingyuan Liang Tianliang Zhao Yan Zhu Yongqing Bai Weikang Fu Yuqing Zhang Zijun Liu Yafei Wang |
| author_sort | Dingyuan Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The lack of long-term observational data on secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> (SPM) has limited our comprehensive understanding of atmospheric environment change. This study develops an SPM estimation method, named Single-Tracer Approximate Envelope Algorithm (STAEA), to assess the long-term changes of SPM under different PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels and in all seasons in Wuhan, Central China, over the period of anthropogenic pollutant mitigation in 2015–2020. The results show that: (1) the average proportions of SPM in ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> is 59.61% in a clean air environment, rising significantly to 71.60%, 73.73%, and 75.55%, respectively, in light, moderate, and heavy PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution, indicating the dominant role of SPM in air quality deterioration; (2) there are increasing trends of interannual changes of SPM at the light and moderate pollution levels of 1.95 and 3.11 μg·m<sup>−3</sup>·a<sup>−1</sup> with extending SPM proportions in PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution, raising a challenge for further improvement in ambient air quality with mitigating light and moderate PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution; (3) the high SPM contributions ranging from 55.63% to 68.65% on a seasonal average and the large amplitude of seasonal SPM changes could dominate the seasonality of air quality; (4) the wintertime SPM contribution present a consistent increasing trend compared with the declining trends in spring, summer, and autumn, suggesting underlying mechanisms of SPM change for further deciphering the evolution of the atmospheric environment. Our results highlight the effects of air pollutant mitigation on long-term variations in SPM and its contributions with implications for atmospheric environment change. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:21:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-f556eb6c44d2434fa59926dd6248bb1d2023-11-24T13:10:26ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-11-011312196210.3390/atmos13121962Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant MitigationDingyuan Liang0Tianliang Zhao1Yan Zhu2Yongqing Bai3Weikang Fu4Yuqing Zhang5Zijun Liu6Yafei Wang7Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430205, ChinaKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaDepartment of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, ChinaThe Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaThe lack of long-term observational data on secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> (SPM) has limited our comprehensive understanding of atmospheric environment change. This study develops an SPM estimation method, named Single-Tracer Approximate Envelope Algorithm (STAEA), to assess the long-term changes of SPM under different PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels and in all seasons in Wuhan, Central China, over the period of anthropogenic pollutant mitigation in 2015–2020. The results show that: (1) the average proportions of SPM in ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> is 59.61% in a clean air environment, rising significantly to 71.60%, 73.73%, and 75.55%, respectively, in light, moderate, and heavy PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution, indicating the dominant role of SPM in air quality deterioration; (2) there are increasing trends of interannual changes of SPM at the light and moderate pollution levels of 1.95 and 3.11 μg·m<sup>−3</sup>·a<sup>−1</sup> with extending SPM proportions in PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution, raising a challenge for further improvement in ambient air quality with mitigating light and moderate PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution; (3) the high SPM contributions ranging from 55.63% to 68.65% on a seasonal average and the large amplitude of seasonal SPM changes could dominate the seasonality of air quality; (4) the wintertime SPM contribution present a consistent increasing trend compared with the declining trends in spring, summer, and autumn, suggesting underlying mechanisms of SPM change for further deciphering the evolution of the atmospheric environment. Our results highlight the effects of air pollutant mitigation on long-term variations in SPM and its contributions with implications for atmospheric environment change.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/12/1962particle pollutionsecondary pm<sub>2.5</sub>long-term variationsseasonal changecentral China |
| spellingShingle | Dingyuan Liang Tianliang Zhao Yan Zhu Yongqing Bai Weikang Fu Yuqing Zhang Zijun Liu Yafei Wang Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation Atmosphere particle pollution secondary pm<sub>2.5</sub> long-term variations seasonal change central China |
| title | Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation |
| title_full | Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation |
| title_fullStr | Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation |
| title_short | Variations of Secondary PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an Urban Area over Central China during 2015–2020 of Air Pollutant Mitigation |
| title_sort | variations of secondary pm sub 2 5 sub in an urban area over central china during 2015 2020 of air pollutant mitigation |
| topic | particle pollution secondary pm<sub>2.5</sub> long-term variations seasonal change central China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/12/1962 |
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