G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates
G-quadruplexes (G4s) have long been implicated in the regulation of chromatin packaging and gene expression. These processes require or are accelerated by the separation of related proteins into liquid condensates on DNA/RNA matrices. While cytoplasmic G4s are acknowledged scaffolds of potentially p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1076 |
| _version_ | 1797599990813556736 |
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| author | Iuliia Pavlova Mikhail Iudin Anastasiya Surdina Vjacheslav Severov Anna Varizhuk |
| author_facet | Iuliia Pavlova Mikhail Iudin Anastasiya Surdina Vjacheslav Severov Anna Varizhuk |
| author_sort | Iuliia Pavlova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | G-quadruplexes (G4s) have long been implicated in the regulation of chromatin packaging and gene expression. These processes require or are accelerated by the separation of related proteins into liquid condensates on DNA/RNA matrices. While cytoplasmic G4s are acknowledged scaffolds of potentially pathogenic condensates, the possible contribution of G4s to phase transitions in the nucleus has only recently come to light. In this review, we summarize the growing evidence for the G4-dependent assembly of biomolecular condensates at telomeres and transcription initiation sites, as well as nucleoli, speckles, and paraspeckles. The limitations of the underlying assays and the remaining open questions are outlined. We also discuss the molecular basis for the apparent permissive role of G4s in the in vitro condensate assembly based on the interactome data. To highlight the prospects and risks of G4-targeting therapies with respect to the phase transitions, we also touch upon the reported effects of G4-stabilizing small molecules on nuclear biomolecular condensates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:43:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f563727205664f44aa2e6828091519ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:43:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-f563727205664f44aa2e6828091519ce2023-11-18T01:30:08ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-05-01145107610.3390/genes14051076G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular CondensatesIuliia Pavlova0Mikhail Iudin1Anastasiya Surdina2Vjacheslav Severov3Anna Varizhuk4Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, RussiaLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, RussiaLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, RussiaLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, RussiaLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, 119435 Moscow, RussiaG-quadruplexes (G4s) have long been implicated in the regulation of chromatin packaging and gene expression. These processes require or are accelerated by the separation of related proteins into liquid condensates on DNA/RNA matrices. While cytoplasmic G4s are acknowledged scaffolds of potentially pathogenic condensates, the possible contribution of G4s to phase transitions in the nucleus has only recently come to light. In this review, we summarize the growing evidence for the G4-dependent assembly of biomolecular condensates at telomeres and transcription initiation sites, as well as nucleoli, speckles, and paraspeckles. The limitations of the underlying assays and the remaining open questions are outlined. We also discuss the molecular basis for the apparent permissive role of G4s in the in vitro condensate assembly based on the interactome data. To highlight the prospects and risks of G4-targeting therapies with respect to the phase transitions, we also touch upon the reported effects of G4-stabilizing small molecules on nuclear biomolecular condensates.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1076liquid–liquid phase separationmembraneless condensatesG-quadruplexchromatin structure |
| spellingShingle | Iuliia Pavlova Mikhail Iudin Anastasiya Surdina Vjacheslav Severov Anna Varizhuk G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates Genes liquid–liquid phase separation membraneless condensates G-quadruplex chromatin structure |
| title | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
| title_full | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
| title_fullStr | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
| title_full_unstemmed | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
| title_short | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
| title_sort | g quadruplexes in nuclear biomolecular condensates |
| topic | liquid–liquid phase separation membraneless condensates G-quadruplex chromatin structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1076 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT iuliiapavlova gquadruplexesinnuclearbiomolecularcondensates AT mikhailiudin gquadruplexesinnuclearbiomolecularcondensates AT anastasiyasurdina gquadruplexesinnuclearbiomolecularcondensates AT vjacheslavseverov gquadruplexesinnuclearbiomolecularcondensates AT annavarizhuk gquadruplexesinnuclearbiomolecularcondensates |