MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal
Non-traumatic thoracic aorta emergencies are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases of the intimomedial layers (aortic dissection and variants) have been grouped under the common term of acute aortic syndrome because they are life-threatening conditions clinically indistinguis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Tomography |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2379-139X/8/1/17 |
| _version_ | 1797476376307040256 |
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| author | Tullio Valente Giacomo Sica Giorgio Bocchini Federica Romano Francesco Lassandro Gaetano Rea Emanuele Muto Antonio Pinto Francesca Iacobellis Paola Crivelli Ahmad Abu-Omar Mariano Scaglione |
| author_facet | Tullio Valente Giacomo Sica Giorgio Bocchini Federica Romano Francesco Lassandro Gaetano Rea Emanuele Muto Antonio Pinto Francesca Iacobellis Paola Crivelli Ahmad Abu-Omar Mariano Scaglione |
| author_sort | Tullio Valente |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-traumatic thoracic aorta emergencies are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases of the intimomedial layers (aortic dissection and variants) have been grouped under the common term of acute aortic syndrome because they are life-threatening conditions clinically indistinguishable on presentation. Patients with aortic dissection may present with a wide variety of symptoms secondary to the pattern of dissection and end organ malperfusion. Other conditions may be seen in patients with acute symptoms, including ruptured and unstable thoracic aortic aneurysm, iatrogenic or infective pseudoaneurysms, aortic fistula, acute aortic thrombus/occlusive disease, and vasculitis. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the patient’s management and care. In the emergency room, chest X-ray is the initial imaging test offering a screening evaluation for alternative common differential diagnoses and a preliminary assessment of the mediastinal dimensions. State-of-the-art multidetector computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides a widely available, rapid, replicable, noninvasive diagnostic imaging with sensitivity approaching 100%. It is an impressive tool in decision-making process with a deep impact on treatment including endovascular or open surgical or conservative treatment. Radiologists must be familiar with the spectrum of these entities to help triage patients appropriately and efficiently. Understanding the imaging findings and proper measurement techniques allow the radiologist to suggest the most appropriate next management step. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:56:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f565614b38b6492d805e065dd138517b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-1381 2379-139X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:56:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tomography |
| spelling | doaj.art-f565614b38b6492d805e065dd138517b2023-11-23T22:19:28ZengMDPI AGTomography2379-13812379-139X2022-01-018120022810.3390/tomography8010017MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A ReappraisalTullio Valente0Giacomo Sica1Giorgio Bocchini2Federica Romano3Francesco Lassandro4Gaetano Rea5Emanuele Muto6Antonio Pinto7Francesca Iacobellis8Paola Crivelli9Ahmad Abu-Omar10Mariano Scaglione11Department of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, CTO Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Cardarelli Hospital, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UKDepartment of Radiology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyNon-traumatic thoracic aorta emergencies are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases of the intimomedial layers (aortic dissection and variants) have been grouped under the common term of acute aortic syndrome because they are life-threatening conditions clinically indistinguishable on presentation. Patients with aortic dissection may present with a wide variety of symptoms secondary to the pattern of dissection and end organ malperfusion. Other conditions may be seen in patients with acute symptoms, including ruptured and unstable thoracic aortic aneurysm, iatrogenic or infective pseudoaneurysms, aortic fistula, acute aortic thrombus/occlusive disease, and vasculitis. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the patient’s management and care. In the emergency room, chest X-ray is the initial imaging test offering a screening evaluation for alternative common differential diagnoses and a preliminary assessment of the mediastinal dimensions. State-of-the-art multidetector computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides a widely available, rapid, replicable, noninvasive diagnostic imaging with sensitivity approaching 100%. It is an impressive tool in decision-making process with a deep impact on treatment including endovascular or open surgical or conservative treatment. Radiologists must be familiar with the spectrum of these entities to help triage patients appropriately and efficiently. Understanding the imaging findings and proper measurement techniques allow the radiologist to suggest the most appropriate next management step.https://www.mdpi.com/2379-139X/8/1/17aortaacute aortic syndromeaortic aneurysmaortic emergenciesaortic dissectionimaging of the aorta |
| spellingShingle | Tullio Valente Giacomo Sica Giorgio Bocchini Federica Romano Francesco Lassandro Gaetano Rea Emanuele Muto Antonio Pinto Francesca Iacobellis Paola Crivelli Ahmad Abu-Omar Mariano Scaglione MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal Tomography aorta acute aortic syndrome aortic aneurysm aortic emergencies aortic dissection imaging of the aorta |
| title | MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal |
| title_full | MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal |
| title_fullStr | MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal |
| title_full_unstemmed | MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal |
| title_short | MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management—A Reappraisal |
| title_sort | mdct imaging of non traumatic thoracic aortic emergencies and its impact on diagnosis and management a reappraisal |
| topic | aorta acute aortic syndrome aortic aneurysm aortic emergencies aortic dissection imaging of the aorta |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2379-139X/8/1/17 |
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