Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm
The nonlinear properties of zinc germanium diphosphide (ZGP) crystals enable their applications in powerful mid-IR optical parametric oscillators and second-harmonic generators. This paper summarizes the mechanisms of the laser-induced damage (LID) of high-purity ZGP crystals under periodically puls...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| author | Nikolay Yudin N. Yudin Victor Dyomin Alexander Gribenyukov Oleg Antipov Andrei Khudoley Igor O. Kinyaevskiy Mikhail Zinovev Sergey Podzyvalov Vladimir Kuznetsov Elena Slyunko Alexey Lysenko Andrey Kalsin Ilya Eranov Houssain Baalbaki |
| author_facet | Nikolay Yudin N. Yudin Victor Dyomin Alexander Gribenyukov Oleg Antipov Andrei Khudoley Igor O. Kinyaevskiy Mikhail Zinovev Sergey Podzyvalov Vladimir Kuznetsov Elena Slyunko Alexey Lysenko Andrey Kalsin Ilya Eranov Houssain Baalbaki |
| author_sort | Nikolay Yudin N. Yudin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The nonlinear properties of zinc germanium diphosphide (ZGP) crystals enable their applications in powerful mid-IR optical parametric oscillators and second-harmonic generators. This paper summarizes the mechanisms of the laser-induced damage (LID) of high-purity ZGP crystals under periodically pulsed nanosecond irradiation by a Ho<sup>3+</sup>:YAG laser at 2.1 μm. The ZGP samples were manufactured by “LOC” Ent., Tomsk, Russia, or the Harbin Institute of Technology, China. The impact of processing techniques and the post-growing methods for polishing and anti-reflective coatings on the LID threshold are discussed. The importance of the defect structure of the crystal lattice and the parameters of transparent coatings for increasing the LID threshold are also discussed. The impact of the test laser parameters on the LID threshold and the transient area near the LID threshold obtained using digital holography are analyzed. The influence of the pre-damage processes on the optical parametric oscillations is reported. Lastly, the prospects for improving ZGP crystals to further increase the LID threshold are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:26:32Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f585b9e06fda415f99ec0856112174c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:26:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f585b9e06fda415f99ec0856112174c72023-12-22T14:32:56ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322023-12-011012136410.3390/photonics10121364Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μmNikolay Yudin N. Yudin0Victor Dyomin1Alexander Gribenyukov2Oleg Antipov3Andrei Khudoley4Igor O. Kinyaevskiy5Mikhail Zinovev6Sergey Podzyvalov7Vladimir Kuznetsov8Elena Slyunko9Alexey Lysenko10Andrey Kalsin11Ilya Eranov12Houssain Baalbaki13Laboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaTechnological Laboratory, Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaInstitute of Heat and Mass Transfer Named after A.V. Lykov NAS of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, BelarusPhysical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaLaboratory of Radiophysical and Optical Methods for Studying the Environment, Radiophysics Department, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaThe nonlinear properties of zinc germanium diphosphide (ZGP) crystals enable their applications in powerful mid-IR optical parametric oscillators and second-harmonic generators. This paper summarizes the mechanisms of the laser-induced damage (LID) of high-purity ZGP crystals under periodically pulsed nanosecond irradiation by a Ho<sup>3+</sup>:YAG laser at 2.1 μm. The ZGP samples were manufactured by “LOC” Ent., Tomsk, Russia, or the Harbin Institute of Technology, China. The impact of processing techniques and the post-growing methods for polishing and anti-reflective coatings on the LID threshold are discussed. The importance of the defect structure of the crystal lattice and the parameters of transparent coatings for increasing the LID threshold are also discussed. The impact of the test laser parameters on the LID threshold and the transient area near the LID threshold obtained using digital holography are analyzed. The influence of the pre-damage processes on the optical parametric oscillations is reported. Lastly, the prospects for improving ZGP crystals to further increase the LID threshold are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/12/1364ZGPsingle crystallaser-induced damage thresholdmid-IR optical parametric oscillators and generatorsHo<sup>3+</sup>:YAG lasers |
| spellingShingle | Nikolay Yudin N. Yudin Victor Dyomin Alexander Gribenyukov Oleg Antipov Andrei Khudoley Igor O. Kinyaevskiy Mikhail Zinovev Sergey Podzyvalov Vladimir Kuznetsov Elena Slyunko Alexey Lysenko Andrey Kalsin Ilya Eranov Houssain Baalbaki Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm Photonics ZGP single crystal laser-induced damage threshold mid-IR optical parametric oscillators and generators Ho<sup>3+</sup>:YAG lasers |
| title | Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm |
| title_full | Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm |
| title_fullStr | Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm |
| title_short | Physical and Technological Aspects of Laser-Induced Damage of ZGP Single Crystals under Periodically Pulsed Laser Irradiation at 2.1 μm |
| title_sort | physical and technological aspects of laser induced damage of zgp single crystals under periodically pulsed laser irradiation at 2 1 μm |
| topic | ZGP single crystal laser-induced damage threshold mid-IR optical parametric oscillators and generators Ho<sup>3+</sup>:YAG lasers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/12/1364 |
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