Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges
Infectious diseases are responsible for illness, deaths and economic losses in human and animals. The situation is worse in developing countries with limited resources, poor infrastructures and technology necessary for disease prevention and control. Consequently, causative agents of diseases may em...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nigerian Academy of Science
2022-10-01
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| Series: | The Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nasjournal.org.ng/site/index.php/pnas/article/view/331/168 |
| _version_ | 1827925195927584768 |
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| author | Clement A. Meseko Wilson J. Bertu Ishaya S. Tekki Ismaila Shittu Amyel M. Gusi Sunday E. Hambolu Tony M. Joannis David Shamaki Reuben A. Ocholi |
| author_facet | Clement A. Meseko Wilson J. Bertu Ishaya S. Tekki Ismaila Shittu Amyel M. Gusi Sunday E. Hambolu Tony M. Joannis David Shamaki Reuben A. Ocholi |
| author_sort | Clement A. Meseko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious diseases are responsible for illness, deaths and economic losses in human and animals. The situation is worse in developing countries with limited resources, poor infrastructures and technology necessary for disease prevention and control. Consequently, causative agents of diseases may emerge from animal reservoirs and are transmitted from animals to human as zoonoses or sustained human-to-human transmission may occur. About 60% of infectious diseases are zoonotic and over 75% of emerging and re-emerging diseases in human are acquired from animal hosts. Globally and in Nigeria, zoonotic diseases previously controlled such as yellow fever, Orthopoxvirus (monkey pox virus), Lassa fever, anthrax etc. are re-emerging and new ones like Avian influenza, Ebola, and respiratory coronaviruses (SARS, MERS and 2019-nCoV) are emerging. In addition, the transboundary nature and inter-continental introductions of many of these pathogens threaten the national economy and public health. Other zoonotic diseases like rabies, brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis are intractable due in part to negligence. Hence, the burden of zoonotic diseases in Nigeria is high and unabated despite available preventive vaccination for a disease like rabies. Some of these important zoonoses are discussed in detail in this paper with emphasis on effective control through the application of modern technology for surveillance, early and accurate diagnosis, biosecurity and preventive vaccination. These tools are however insufficiently deployed in Nigeria. It is therefore imperative to prioritise public health policies with focus on research, development and innovations for better impact on human and animal health with sequelae on national transformation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:22:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f58e3a4744ab4e4583bb84d378aa6d6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0794-7976 2705-327X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:22:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Nigerian Academy of Science |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f58e3a4744ab4e4583bb84d378aa6d6a2023-06-15T12:14:05ZengNigerian Academy of ScienceThe Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science0794-79762705-327X2022-10-01141s5070https://doi.org/10.57046/UNFQ8414Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and ChallengesClement A. Meseko0Wilson J. Bertu1Ishaya S. Tekki2Ismaila Shittu3Amyel M. Gusi4Sunday E. Hambolu5Tony M. Joannis6David Shamaki7Reuben A. Ocholi8Animal Influenza & Newcastle Disease Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom NigeriaBrucella, Mycology and Immunology Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom NigeriaRabies Diagnosis and Research Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom NigeriaAnimal Influenza & Newcastle Disease Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NigeriaBrucella, Mycology and Immunology Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NigeriaRabies Diagnosis and Research Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NigeriaAnimal Influenza & Newcastle Disease Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom NigeriaAnimal Influenza & Newcastle Disease Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom NigeriaBrucella, Mycology and Immunology Division, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases Directorate, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NigeriaInfectious diseases are responsible for illness, deaths and economic losses in human and animals. The situation is worse in developing countries with limited resources, poor infrastructures and technology necessary for disease prevention and control. Consequently, causative agents of diseases may emerge from animal reservoirs and are transmitted from animals to human as zoonoses or sustained human-to-human transmission may occur. About 60% of infectious diseases are zoonotic and over 75% of emerging and re-emerging diseases in human are acquired from animal hosts. Globally and in Nigeria, zoonotic diseases previously controlled such as yellow fever, Orthopoxvirus (monkey pox virus), Lassa fever, anthrax etc. are re-emerging and new ones like Avian influenza, Ebola, and respiratory coronaviruses (SARS, MERS and 2019-nCoV) are emerging. In addition, the transboundary nature and inter-continental introductions of many of these pathogens threaten the national economy and public health. Other zoonotic diseases like rabies, brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis are intractable due in part to negligence. Hence, the burden of zoonotic diseases in Nigeria is high and unabated despite available preventive vaccination for a disease like rabies. Some of these important zoonoses are discussed in detail in this paper with emphasis on effective control through the application of modern technology for surveillance, early and accurate diagnosis, biosecurity and preventive vaccination. These tools are however insufficiently deployed in Nigeria. It is therefore imperative to prioritise public health policies with focus on research, development and innovations for better impact on human and animal health with sequelae on national transformation.https://nasjournal.org.ng/site/index.php/pnas/article/view/331/168zoonosesanimals and human healthnigeria situation |
| spellingShingle | Clement A. Meseko Wilson J. Bertu Ishaya S. Tekki Ismaila Shittu Amyel M. Gusi Sunday E. Hambolu Tony M. Joannis David Shamaki Reuben A. Ocholi Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges The Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science zoonoses animals and human health nigeria situation |
| title | Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges |
| title_full | Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges |
| title_fullStr | Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges |
| title_short | Zoonotic Diseases Situation in Nigeria; Control Measures and Challenges |
| title_sort | zoonotic diseases situation in nigeria control measures and challenges |
| topic | zoonoses animals and human health nigeria situation |
| url | https://nasjournal.org.ng/site/index.php/pnas/article/view/331/168 |
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